Curated list from literature with experimental evidence to block COVID-19	List of drugs curated from literature to show activity in block COVID-19	lopinavir	atazanavir	amodiaquine	remdesivir	hydroxychloroquine	mefloquine	chloroquine	promethazine hydrochloride	cinanserin	fluphenazine dihydrochloride	cepharanthine	bazedoxifene	anidulafungin	eltrombopag	cyclosporine	loperamide	pralatrexate	proscillaridin	toremifene citrate	dronedarone hcl	niclosamide	isopomiferin	imatinib mesylate	thiethylperazine maleate	ivacaftor	terconazole vetranal	abemaciclib	clomipramine hydrochloride	camostat	osimertinib mesylate	tilorone	thioridazine hydrochloride	fluspirilene	ciclesonide	droloxifene	mequitazine	emetine dihydrochloride hydrate	chlorpromazine hydrochloride	lusutrombopag	favipiravir	anisomycin	ebastine	tetrandrine	clomiphene citrate	oxyclozanide	osajin	phenazopyridine	n3	perhexiline maleate	pyronaridine tetraphosphate	benztropine mesylate	berbamine hydrochloride	hydroxyprogesterone caproate	penfluridol	ldk378	lanatoside c	tamoxifen citrate	triparanol	gilteritinib	gemcitabine hydrochloride	penciclovir	hexachlorophene
Triple Combination for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C	Antiviral therapy for HCV might work for COVID19	ribavirin	peg-interferon-alpha 2a	merimepodib
3 drugs that display antiviral activity against FMDV 	Antiviral therapy for FMDV might work for COVID19	teriflunomide	mycophenolate mofetil	vn-944
17 drugs in clinical trials or in advanced stages as COVID-19 treatments	Drugs currently tested for efficacy as COVID-19 treatments	siltuximab	azithromycin	leronlimab	galidesivir	lopinavir	tradipitant	ritonavir	sargramostim	actemra	sarilumab	colchicine	favilavir	remdesivir	hydroxychloroquine	chloroquine	methylprednisolone	apn01
Nafamostat is a Potent Inhibitor of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus	Currently in clinical trials for COVID-19 in Japan	nafamostat
7 drugs from a screen of Mpro inhibitors from Zhenming Jin et al. Nature 2020	Computational and experimental drug screen for COVID-19 inhibitors	disulfiram	ebselen	tdzd-8	shikonin	carmofur	px-12	tideglusib
Reversal of Infected Host Gene Expression Identifies Repurposed Drug Candidates for COVID-19	Preprint describing a transcriptomics based drug screen for COVID-19	chloroquine	tyloxapol	methotrexate	alvocidib	dasatinib	methylene blue	nisoldipine	nvp-bez235	bortezomib	fluvastatin	puromycin
12 hits from an in-vitro drug screen for approved drugs as COVID-19 inhibitors from Touret et al.	In-vitro drug screen for approved drugs as COVID-19 inhibitors	remdesivir	hydroxychloroquine	dolutegravir	omeprazole	alprostadil	clemizole hydrochloride	quinidine hydrochloride	oxprenolol hydrochloride	azithromycine	opipramol dihydrochloride	arbidol	sulfadoxine
Top 39 drugs from an image-based screen for COVID-19 by Heiser et al. 	Image-based analysis of renal cortical epithelial cells infected with COVID-19 and treated with 1670 drugs	remdesivir	almitrine	paricalcitol	vincristine	ponatinib	rapamycin	hexachlorophene	carvedilol	nitazoxanide	nilotinib	pacritinib	everolimus	clofazimine	levobetaxolol	doxercalciferol	nebivolol hcl	calcipotriene	vismodegib	temsirolimus	aloxistatin	dexpropranolol	zotarolimus	trihexyphenidyl	cloperastine	celiprolol	int-747	bupranolol	cloranolol	ipi-145	cx-4945	penbutolol	byl719	carazolol	gs-441524	triclocarban	hydroxystilbamidine	acitretin	calcifediol	oxybenzone
All 30 drugs from a screen for COVID-19 by Riva et al. 	In-vitro drug screen for COVID-19 drugs in Vero cells. Screened 12,000 candidates. 	remdesivir	tetrandrine	tretinoin	apilimod	clofazimine	tamibarotene	rbad	al 3152	aq-13	tazarotene	astemizole	zk-93426	zaleplon gr	pagoclone	acitretin	lgd-1550	sdz-62-434	ono 5334	n-tert-butylisoquine	amg-2674	kw 8232	yh-1238	z lvg chn2	elopiprazole	mdl-28170	vby-825	sl-11128	sb-616234-a	mln-3897	8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine
69 hits from an in-vitro COVID-19 drug screen from Ellinger et al.	In-vitro drug screen for COVID-19 repurposing	lopinavir	remdesivir	mefloquine	loratadine	almitrine	camostat	pevonedistat	octenidine	nafamostat	papaverine	apixaban	alvocidib	methylene blue	emetine	cycloheximide	amuvatinib	thimerosal	homoharringtonine	hematoporphyrin	posaconazole	polidocanol	drotaverine	ketoconazole	alisporivir	regorafenib	loteprednol etabonate	lidoflazine	chlormidazole	tyrphostin	avasimibe	brexpiprazole	sorafenib	lonafarnib	ethaverine	dapivirine	flunarizine	jte-013	nsc319726	ravuconazole	mibampator	ly2228820	cloconazole	oxiconazole	zk-93423	ipag	ai-10-49	gsk2606414	lde225	cetylpyridinium chloride	avatrombopag	thioguanosine	ph-797804	adoprazine	sb-612111	etifoxine	harringtonine	dcpib	pf-670462	cc-223	vatalanib	tioguanine	bp-897	amg-9810	pexidartinib	lgk-974	ac1ndss5	vlx600	carboxyamidotriazole	cbipes
27 hits from an in-vitro COVID-19 drug screen from Jeon et al.	In-vitro drug screen for COVID-19 repurposing	lopinavir	amodiaquine	remdesivir	mefloquine	chloroquine	cepharanthine	bazedoxifene	anidulafungin	eltrombopag	cyclosporine	loperamide	proscillaridin	niclosamide	digoxin	ivacaftor	digitoxin	abemaciclib	tilorone	hydroxyprogesterone	ciclesonide	berbamine	tetrandrine	oxyclozanide	ouabain	salinomycin	gilteritinib	hexachlorophene
3 drugs that regulate autophagy and shown to block COVID-19	In-vitro drugs that block autophagy also work for COVID-19	niclosamide	spermidine	mk-2206
16 validated hits from 20 prioritized compounds by Weston et al.	Took top hits from a MERS screen from 2014 and validated these for COVID-19. 17 out of 20 worked for COVID-19 in Vero cells.	hydroxychloroquine	mefloquine	chloroquine	chlorpromazine	fluspirilene	triparanol	toremifene	tamoxifen	promethazine	imatinib	thiethylperazine	clomipramine	amodiaquin	benztropine	terconazole	fluphenazine
Simeprevir suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and synergizes with remdesivir	Validation of simeprevir in Vero cells alone and in combination with remdesivir	remdesivir	simeprevir
Morphological Cell Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Identifies Drug Repurposing Candidates for COVID-19 from Mirabelli et al.	Morphological Cell Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Identifies Drug Repurposing Candidates for COVID-19	remdesivir	niclosamide	gilteritinib	fedratinib	amiodarone	verapamil	entecavir	clofazimine	tioguanine	bosutinib	z-fa-fmk	metoclopramide	s1ra	lomitapide	lactoferrin
Several FDA-approved drugs effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro	Several FDA-approved drugs effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro	vortioxetine	clomiphene	hydrobromide	asenapine
Molecules inhibit the enzyme activity of 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease of SARS-CoV-2 virus: the experimental and theory studies	Molecules inhibit the enzyme activity of 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease of SARS-CoV-2 virus: the experimental and theory studies	auranofin	phenyl isothiocyanate	gold	vitamin k3
Sofosbuvir protects human brain organoids against SARS-CoV-2	Sofosbuvir protects human brain organoids against SARS-CoV-2	sofosbuvir
Repurposing of Miglustat to inhibit the coronavirus Severe Acquired Respiratory Syndrome SARS-CoV-2	Repurposing of Miglustat to inhibit the coronavirus Severe Acquired Respiratory Syndrome SARS-CoV-2	miglustat
Boceprevir, GC-376, and calpain inhibitors II, XII inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting the viral main protease	Boceprevir, GC-376, and calpain inhibitors II, XII inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting the viral main protease	boceprevir	calpain inhibitor ii	calpain inhibitor xii	gc-376
Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine	Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine	chlorpromazine
Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine	Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine	chlorpromazine
Identification of Candidate COVID-19 Therapeutics using hPSC-derived Lung Organoids	Identification of Candidate COVID-19 Therapeutics using hPSC-derived Lung Organoids	mycophenolic acid	imatinib	quinacrine dihydrochloride
Identification of Drugs Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Infection using Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Colonic Organoids	Identification of Drugs Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Infection using Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Colonic Organoids	chloroquine	digoxin	anisomycin	mycophenolic acid	resveratrol	cycloheximide	quinacrine dihydrochloride	ouabain octahydrate
Identification of five antiviral compounds from the Pandemic Response Box targeting SARS-CoV-2	Identification of five antiviral compounds from the Pandemic Response Box targeting SARS-CoV-2	chloroquine	pdnj0803	urmc-099-c	retro-2.1	n-nonyldeoxynojirimycin
Identification of potent and safe antiviral therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2	Drug screen for FDA approved drugs to block SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro	hydroxychloroquine	mefloquine	digoxin	tilorone	amlodipine	trifluoperazine	tetrandrine	ouabain	lanatoside c	raloxifene	sertraline	nilotinib	celecoxib	arbidol	clofazimine	temsirolimus	conivaptan	vortioxetine	thioridazine	dronedarone	fendiline	salifungin	monensin	actidione
Massive-scale biological activity-based modeling identifies novel antiviral leads against SARS-CoV-2	Massive-scale biological activity-based modeling identifies novel antiviral leads against SARS-CoV-2	triparanol	importazole	skf-525a	bd-1008	methoxytropane hydrochloride	chlorprothixene	bucindolol	hexahydro-sila-difenidol hydrochloride	l-741626	amn-082	rimcazole	spiramide	thioproperazine	prenylamine	cgs-12066b	zolantidine	lp 44	oxycarboxin	amindocate	ftormetazine	metaphit	alimemazine	oxalate	pecazine	bemesetron	eticlopride	prestwick-559	gbr-12935	ucl-2077	octoclothepine	oryzalin	bepp	4-aminoazobenzene	indocate
14 drugs inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in vitro from Ghahremanpour et al.	Virtual screening of 2,000 drugs for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 MPro was performed, and 17 were tested in vitro. 14 of these drugs were found effective at low concentrations. Drugs sourced from Figure 2 of Ghahremanpour et al. Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv, v1 preprint, 8/28/2020.	nelfinavir	indinavir	lapatinib	bedaquiline	boceprevir	idarubicin	azelastine	perampanel	talampicillin	periciazine	lercanidipine	efonidipine	manidipine	cinnoxicam
Drug Repurposing Screen for Compounds Inhibiting the Cytopathic Effect of SARS-CoV-2 from Chen et al.	55 compounds from Drug Repurposing Screen for Compounds Inhibiting the Cytopathic Effect of SARS-CoV-2	amodiaquine	remdesivir	loperamide	imatinib	stf-62247	apilimod	fluoxetine	vby-825	flunarizine	clemastine	duloxetine	berzosertib	z-fa-fmk	chlorprothixene	z-gly-leu-phe-chloromethyl ketone	sb-271046	ml-414	dexanabinol	idalopirdine	ly 426965	alpha-l-arabinopyranose	gmc 2-29	deserpedine	n-methylspiperone	maprotiline	trifluomeprazine	s-15176	balicatib	cpdd	difeterol	am1241	amodiarone	caa-0225	jtv519	asteriscunolide d	mcoppb	naltrindole	melitracen	gmc 2-113	genz-123346	calpeptin	methotrimeprazine	piperacetazine	dmp-777	ikk-2 inhibitor viii	it1t	gw-803430	cathepsin inhibitor 1	vps-34-in1	nsc-33994	rescimetol	calpain inhibitor i	proglumetacin	pristimerin	methdilazine
Drug repurposing screens reveal FDA approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2 from Dittmar et al.	Drug repurposing screens reveal FDA approved drugs active against SARS-Cov-2	cepharanthine	cyclosporine	ebastine	tetrandrine	salinomycin	aloxistatin	dacomitinib	bemcentinib	z-fa-fmk	wye-125132	azd-8055	pf-04691502	bix-01294	unc0631	dp44mt	leupeptin hemisulfate	naquotinib	mg-101	pd0166285	y-320	am-1241	frax486	mg-132
20 FDA-approved drugs synergistic with remdesivir in Calu-3 cells from Nguyenla et al.	These researchers employed combinatorial high-throughput screening in the presence of submaximal remdesivir concentrations, using a human lung epithelial cell line infected with a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2, to discover 20 drugs showing synergy with remdesivir. The top 20 drugs are shown with asterisks in Extended Data Figure 2, from Nguyenla et al. (2020) Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral synergy between remdesivir and approved drugs in Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells (bioRxiv, 9/18/2020).	dabrafenib	elbasvir	nifedipine	telmisartan	velpatasvir	zafirlukast	cilostazol	conivaptan	rifaximin	ezetimibe	clobetasol propionate	nimodipine	drosiprenone	meprednisone	budenoside	ivosidenib	valdecoxib	quinapril	selexipag	omeprazole sulfide
19 FDA-approved drugs for SARS-CoV-2 from 2-tier in vitro screen of Yuan et al.	A two-tier drug screening system that combines SARS-CoV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cell viability assay was used to screen a library of 1,528 FDA-approved drugs. Drugs are from Table 1. Yuan et al. (2020) Discovery of the FDA-approved drugs bexarotene, cetilistat, diiodohydroxyquinoline, and abiraterone as potential COVID-19 treatments with a robust two-tier screening system. Pharmacological Research 159, 104960.	bexarotene	ciclesonide	permethrin	diethylstilbestrol	cetilistat	pimavanserin	sofalcone	fluoxetine (hydrochloride)	tamoxifen (citrate)	tocofersolan	micafungin (sodium)	raloxifene (hydrochloride)	asenapine (hydrochloride)	tilorone (dihydrochloride)	chloroquine (diphosphate)	candesartan (cilexetil)	abiraterone (acetate)	diiodohydroxyquinoline	azacytidine
3 FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung organoids from Han et al.	High-throughput screening with a library of FDA-approved drugs was performed in a lung organoid model using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-LOs). 3 drugs were found to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner. Han et al. (2020) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors using Lung and Colonic Organoids. Nature preprint.	mycophenolic acid	imatinib	quinacrine dihydrochloride
3 FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection in colonic organoids from Han et al.	High-throughput screening with a library of FDA-approved drugs was performed in a colonic organoid model using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-LOs). 3 drugs were found to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner. Han et al. (2020) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors using Lung and Colonic Organoids. Nature preprint.	mycophenolic acid	imatinib	quinacrine dihydrochloride
3 FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero E6 cells from Han et al.	High-throughput screening with a library of FDA-approved drugs was performed using Vero E6 cells. 3 drugs were found to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner. Han et al. (2020) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors using Lung and Colonic Organoids. Nature preprint.	mycophenolic acid	imatinib	quinacrine dihydrochloride
29 FDA-approved drugs inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells from Ku et al. (2020)	In this study, 1,473 FDA-approved drugs as well as remdesivir (used as a positive control) were screened using cell-based assays to identify inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The antiviral activity of each compound was measured based on the immunofluorescent staining of infected cells using anti-dsRNA antibody. Twenty-nine drugs were found to show antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Drugs taken from Tables 1 & 2. Ku et al. (2020) Repurposing screens of FDA-approved drugs identify 29 inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. J Microbiol Biotechnol (11/10/2020).	amodiaquine	eltrombopag	loperamide	losartan	salinomycin	promethazine	imatinib	celecoxib	masitinib	flunarizine	reserpine	bromhexine	asenapine	thioproperazine	micafungin	selexipag	tiratricol	beclamide	hydroquinidine	quinidine	nkh 477	lomerizine	diphenylpyraline	vinpocetine	dibucaine	vemurafenib (plx4032)	buclizine	ethopropazine	meclizine
3 FDA-approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 entry in Vero E6 cells from Ginex et al.	8 proteins involved in SARS-CoV-2 entry and trafficking were used in this in silico & in vitro screening study. 173 FDA-approved drugs were screened in Vero E6 cells at a concentration of 10 uM. Ginex et al. (2020) Host-directed FDA-approved drugs with antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 identified by hierarchical in silico/in vitro screening methods (bioRxiv, 11/26/2020).	imatinib	cepharantine	efloxate
12 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in Calu-3 cells from Biering et al.	The authors used a library of FDA-approved and well-studied preclinical and clinical compounds to screen for antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 in human pulmonary epithelial (Calu-3) cells. Drugs are from Figure 3 of Biering et al. (2020) Screening a library of FDA-approved and bioactive compounds for antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv, 12/30/2020.	remdesivir	budesonide	cyclosporin a	dinaciclib	cantharidin	sc66	gc376 sodium	camostat mesylate	b02	gkt137831	bfh772	azd5438
25 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 via AlphaLISA RBD-ACE2 assay from Hanson et al.	The AlphaLISA RBD−ACE2 platform was developed to assess binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) to ACE2. Using this platform, 3,384 small-molecule drugs and preclinical compounds were screened. 25 high-quality primary hits resulted, of which only corilagin was validated. 25 hits from Supplementary Table S2 in Hanson et al. (2020) Targeting ACE2−RBD Interaction as a Platform for COVID-19 Therapeutics: Development and Drug-Repurposing Screen of an AlphaLISA Proximity Assay. ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, 3(6): 1352-1360.	entacapone	cisplatin	cetylpyridinium chloride	bictegravir	mebendazole	prulifloxacin	fenbendazole	oxfendazole	hinokitiol	corilagin	nh125	cangrelor (ar-c69931)	triethylenetetramine	toltrazuril	agaric acid	cabotegravir (gsk744, gsk1265744)	picolinic acid	enalapril maleate	elaidic acid	abametapir	gsk1349572	sodium deoxycholate monohydrate	ciclopirox	9(z)-hexadecenoic acid	benzylhexadecyldimethylammonium chloride
24 FDA-approved drugs inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 from Xiao et al.	How Related: A two-step screen first used a human coronavirus strain OC43 to identify compounds with anti-coronaviral activities; the effective compounds were then screened for their effectiveness in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. Drugs from Table 2 & Figure 3 in Xiao et al. (2020) Identification of Potent and Safe Antiviral Therapeutic Candidates Against SARS-CoV-2. Frontiers in Immunology, 11: 586572. PMID: 33324406	hydroxychloroquine	mefloquine	digoxin	tilorone	amlodipine	trifluoperazine	tetrandrine	ouabain	lanatoside c	raloxifene	sertraline	nilotinib	celecoxib	arbidol	clofazimine	temsirolimus	conivaptan	vortioxetine	thioridazine	dronedarone	fendiline	salifungin	monensin	actidione
15 SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors in Vero E6 cells from Jan et al. 2021	Jan et al. screened in Vero E6 cells 3,000+ agents used in humans and animals, including 2,855 small molecules and 190 traditional herbal medicines, and identified 15 active small molecules in concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 50 μM. Drugs are from Table 1 & Figure 1.	mefloquine	cepharanthine	nelfinavir	ivacaftor	penfluridol	salinomycin	ivermectin	emetine	thioguanine	boceprevir	dronedarone	monensin	moxidectin	maduramicin	azelnidipine
12 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 from Vero E6 drug screen of Rodon et al. 2021	Vero E6 cells were used to screen compounds against SARS-CoV-2. Drug list is taken from Table 1. HEK-293T cells were also used in this study, but the main results reported were from the Vero E6 screen. Rodon et al. (2021) Identification of Plitidepsin as Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2-Induced Cytopathic Effect After a Drug Repurposing Screen. Front Pharmacol, 3/25/2021	remdesivir	hydroxychloroquine	chloroquine	nelfinavir	plitidepsin	fenofibrate	npo-2142	interferon-gamma	mdl 28170	npo-2143	npo-2260	interferon-2alpha
40 compounds screened in vitro against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 & Huh7 cells from Patten et al.	This study screened a library of 6,710 clinical & preclinical molecules using immunocytofluorescence assay in Vero E6 cells at 4 doses. These 40 compounds were selected based on performance in the primary Vero E6 screen & compound classification using the structural similarity clustering & ATC classifications. Subsequent testing was performed in Huh7 cells for virus mRNA production & virus-associated gRNA release into culture supernatant. Compounds are from Table 2 from Patten et al. (2021) Multidose evaluation of 6,710 drug repurposing library identifies potent SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibitors In Vitro and In Vivo. bioRxiv.	pralatrexate	proscillaridin	niclosamide	cpi-0610	anisomycin	ouabain	bafilomycin a1	deslanoside	methotrexate	emetine	homoharringtonine	vby-825	harringtonine	tioguanine	obatoclax	ganetespib	narasin	calpeptin	bix-01294	mg-132	eliglustat	sangivamycin	k-strophanthidin	talniflumate	apy0201	mivebresib	omipalisib (gsk2126458)	gsk-2660614	apilimod (sta-5326)	bay-2402234	a-485	nanchangmycin	ve-822	bet-bay-002	snx-2112	at13387	nvp-hsp990	bruceantin	mepacrine	bms-986158
56 drugs against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from Tsegay et al.	A commercial library of 2,701 drugs was screened for their ability to inhibit binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2, using a cell-free recombinant screening approach. Drugs are from Supplementary Table S2 from Tsegay et al. (2021) A repurposed drug screen identifies compounds that inhibit the binding of the COVID-19 spike protein to ACE2 (bioRxiv, 4/08/2021).	amodiaquine	cepharanthine	anidulafungin	nelfinavir	teniposide	octenidine	elbasvir	ciprofloxacin	estradiol	edoxaban	nilotinib	celecoxib	tadalafil	mometasone furoate	fipronil	velpatasvir	posaconazole	daclatasvir	aprepitant	doramectin	docetaxel	avanafil	selamectin	zotarolimus (abt-578)	olmutinib	thiostrepton	cefotiam hexetil	biotin (vitamin b7)	everolimus (rad001)	irisflorentin	hydroxy camptothecine	tosufloxacin	arbidol hcl	lomitapide mesylate	tinoridine	entrectinib	cefditoren pivoxil	oxytocin	cabazitaxel	cefetamet pivoxil	avermectin b1	apremilast (cc-10004)	crystal violet	vilazodone hcl	triamterene	(s)-10-hydroxycamptothecin	pneumocandin b0	ombitasvir (abt-267)	temsirolimus (cci-779, nsc 68386)	lenvatinib mesylate	dihydroergotamine mesylate	picropodophyllin (ppp)	tipifarnib	nilotinib (amn-107)
36 drugs inhibiting TMEM16 proteins against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero & U2OS cells from Braga et al. (2021)	Two high-throughput microscopy-based screenings with 3,000+ approved drugs identified inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 spike-driven syncytia. Cell fusion inhibition assay (CFIA) & syncytia inhibition assay (SIA) were used. Hit criterion: z score of < −2.58. 36 drugs (in bold text in the figure) are from Extended Data Figure 4b from Braga et al. (2021) Drugs that inhibit TMEM16 proteins block SARS-CoV-2 Spike-induced syncytia. Nature (4/07/2021)	lopinavir	loperamide	niclosamide	amlodipine	salinomycin	carvedilol	paroxetine	ivermectin	promethazine	sertraline	benztropine	terconazole	fluphenazine	clofazimine	clemastine	duloxetine	nebivolol	aprepitant	perphenazine	cyclosporin a	clomiphene	brazilin	pergolide	maprotiline	hydroxyzine	zuclopenthixol	artenimol	fluspirilen	oxokhivorin	metitepine	nortriptyline	norcyclobenzaprine	conessine	sertindole	metergoline
37 inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro via x-ray screening from Gunther et al. (2021)	A high-throughput x-ray crystallographic screen of two drug repurposing libraries was performed against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Hits were subsequently tested in Vero E6 cells. Compounds from Supplementary Table S3 of Gunther et al. (2021) X-ray screening identifies active site and allosteric inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Science (4/02/2021). doi: 10.1126/science.abf7945	ifenprodil	clonidine	succinylcholine	pelitinib	methazolamide	calpeptin	fusidic acid	th-302	mut056399	triglycidyl isocyanurate	ipidacrine	sen1269	glycitein	tegafur	ar-42	tolperisone (fragment)	zinc pyrithione (fragment)	tretazicar	glutathione isopropyl ester	at7519	sun-b-8155	maleate (quipazine)	adrafinil	climbazole	heat (fragment)	aurothioglucose	tofogliflozin	polydatin	bromebric acid	azd6482	dexrazoxane	rs-102895	lsn-2463359	necrostatin-1	isofloxythepin (fragment)	unc-2327	pd-168568
12 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped particle (PP) entry from Sun et al. (2021)	A hybrid support vector machine (SVM) classification model was constructed using a set of publicly posted SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped particle (PP) entry assay repurposing screen data to identify novel potent compounds. The consensus model was then used to screen the 173,898 compounds in the NCATS annotated and diverse chemical libraries. Of the 255 compounds selected for experimental confirmation via HEK293-ACE2 cell screen, 116 top compounds were identified. Within this paper, 116 compounds are mentioned as having been identified, but the identities of only 12 compounds seem to be provided... Compounds from Supplementary Data File 1 of Sun et al. (2021) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry inhibitors using machine learning and cell-based pseudotyped particle assay. Bioorg Med Chem, 38, 16119 (3/26/2021)	ncgc00102518-01	ncgc00108129-01	ncgc00346626-04	ncgc00505730-01	ncgc00492593-01	ncgc00100011-01	ncgc00180871-02	ncgc00106368-02	ncgc00473330-01	ncgc00420101-01	ncgc00473657-01	ncgc00484067-01
10 approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 3a channel from Tomar et al. (2021)	A library of 2,839 approved drugs was screened for activity against the SARS-CoV-2 3a channel using 3 bacteria-based assays (negative, positive, pH). 10 drugs reported in the abstract of Tomar et al. (2021) Blockers of the SARS-CoV-2 3a Channel Identified by TargetedDrug Repurposing. Viruses, 13(3), p. 532.	fludarabine	capreomycin	floxuridine	pentamidine	plerixafor	litronesib	spectinomycin	darapladib	kasugamycin	flumatinib
11 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells from Day et al. (2021)	Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) screening of compound libraries were used. With an in silico screen of 57,641 compounds and a biophysical screen of 3,141 compounds, the authors identified 22 compounds that bound to either the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and/or the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBD), 11 of which were top candidates tested in Vero E6 cells. 11 compounds from Figure 4 in Day et al. (2021) Multidisciplinary Approaches Identify Compounds that Bind to Human ACE2 or SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein as Candidates to Block SARS-CoV-2-ACE2 Receptor Interactions. mBio, 12(2): e03681-20.	acalabrutinib	ledipasvir	lumacaftor	venetoclax	velpatasvir	suramin	simeprevir	cefpiramide	lifitegrast	egcg	sodium lifitegrast
24 compounds inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 in 1+ of 4 cell lines from Murer et al.	An image-based multicycle replication assay was used to screen 5,440 compounds. 24 compounds with activity against SARS-CoV-2 in 1+ of 4 cell lines tested (Huh7-ACE2, Vero E6, HeLa-ACE2 & A549-ACE2) are reported here; Table 1 (final 4 columns) from Murer et al. Arrayed multicycle drug screens identify broadly acting chemical inhibitors for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv, 3/31/2021.	mycophenolic acid	methylene blue	cetylpyridinium	posaconazole	ravuconazole	verteporfin	fostamatinib	pelitinib	mebendazole	apy0201	chir-124	abafungin	tcs-21311	cetalkonium chloride	thonzonium bromide	gzd824	ly2090314	gsk 3 inhibitor ix	raf265	ro 48-8071	sb-505124	gpp-78	mln4924	azd2858
19 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 3CL Mpro from Pohl et al.	This study screened 6,000 DrugBank compounds for their ability to bind & inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 3CL main protease (Mpro). For the 19 candidate hits, fluorescence-based protease-inhibition assay & Vero-CCL81 cell-based SARS-CoV-2 replication-inhibition assay were used. Compounds from Figure 1B from Pohl et al. (2021) Combined computational and cellular screening identifies synergistic inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by lenvatinib and remdesivir (bioRxiv, 3/19/2021)	selumetinib	cimicoxib	isavuconazole	lenvatinib	2-iodomelatonin	1-deazaadenosine	sulfapyridine	sulfamethizole	tolazamide	oprea1_409650	nefiracetam	sulfameter	sulfadiazine	galunisertib	diclazuril	ramelteon	sulfadimethoxine	agomelatine	9-aminocamptothecin
49 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 PLpro from Xia et al.	High-throughput screening against SARS-CoV-2 PLpro was performed in Vero E6 & Caco-2 hACE2 cells. 49 compounds from Figure 3 of Xia et al. Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitors through a combination of high-throughput screening and FlipGFP-based reporter assay. bioRxiv, 3/16/2021.	jun9-68-4	jun9-86-5	jun9-72-2	jun9-84-5	jun9-75-2	jun9-84-4	jun9-13-9	jun9-85-5	jun9-29-1	jun9-81-1	jun9-86-1	jun9-84-6	jun9-26-2	jun9-67-2	jun9-86-4	jun9-85-6	jun9-75-5	jun9-29-4	jun9-53-2	jun9-67-5	jun9-86-2	jun9-29-7	jun9-81-3	jun9-67-1	jun9-13-7	jun9-13-8	jun9-80-4	jun9-85-1	jun9-29-6	jun9-13-6	jun9-68-1	jun9-25-4	jun9-87-1	jun9-44-5	jun9-87-2	jun9-29-5	jun9-29-3	jun9-81-2	jun9-68-2	jun9-68-3	jun9-86-8	jun9-85-2	jun9-13-5	jun9-13-4	jun9-84-3	jun9-75-4	jun9-84-2	jun9-75-3	jun9-87-3
16 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells from Hu et al. (2021)	A library of ~3,142 clinical-stage or FDA-approved compounds was screened to identify inhibitors targeting nucleocapsid protein (N) and spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2. 16 screened candidates with higher binding affinity were evaluated via virtual screening. 16 compounds from Figure 3B from Hu et al. The study of antiviral drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins through large-scale compound repurposing. Heliyon, 7(3): e06387.	valproic acid	ceftriaxone	cefotaxime	cefixime	cefuroxime	cefamandole nafate	ampicillin	sulbactam	cefoperazone	trifluridine	sulbactam-na	7-aminocephalosporanic acid	kw2449	cephalexin monohydrate	dexrazoxane hydrochloride	natamycin
50 drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro from Baker et al. (2021)	A collection of ~6,070 drugs with a history of human use were screened for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Compounds were screened in parallel against the natural amino acid substrate (Ac-VKLQ-AFC) as well as a kinetically preferred substrate (Ac-Abu-Tle-Leu-Gln-AFC). 50 compounds were identified: Table 1 from Baker et al. A drug repurposing screen identifies hepatitis C antivirals as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV2 main protease. PLoS One, 16(2): e0245962. Subsequent dose validation studies demonstrated 8 dose responsive hits with an IC50 <= 50 μM.	octenidine	hexachlorophene	rose-bengal	hematoporphyrin	boceprevir	c646	emricasan	hemin	telaprevir	obatoclax	chlortetracycline	carbazochrome	calpeptin	nh125	aurothioglucose	16-bac	anthralin	lgd-6972	benzethonium	ns-1643	gsk2801	altrenogest	sts	melphalan	thiomersal	psb-06126	pyr-41	eifuroxazide	nifursol	rita	indocyanine-green	visomitin	tiplaxtinin	azeliragon	cetrimonium	nsc-663284	domiphen	tcid	avn-492	mitoquinone	evans-blue	elacestrant	ascorbyl palmitate	tc-lpa5-4	tnp-470	narlaprevir	bms-833923	nsc-95397	deltarasin	sennoside
12 SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors from Kuo et al. 2021	Screened from libraries of 1,068 and 2,701 FDA-approved drugs. From Supplementary Tables S1 & S2 of Kuo et al. (2021) Kinetic characterization and inhibitor screening for the proteases leading to identification of drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2/01/2021)	disulfiram	ebselen	methimazole	boceprevir	levothyroxine	delavirdine	benserazide	manidipine	cefazolin	retigabine	tolcapone	propafenone
36 SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors from Kuo et al. 2021	Screened from libraries of 1,068 and 2,701 FDA-approved drugs. From Supplementary Tables S1 & S2 of Kuo et al. (2021) Kinetic characterization and inhibitor screening for the proteases leading to identification of drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2/01/2021)	primaquine	loperamide	berbamine	nafamostat	erythromycin	streptomycin	clonidine	reserpine	levothyroxine	cobimetinib	netilmicin	ceritinib	capreomycin	tobramycin	caspofungin	amikacin	methacycline	venlafaxine	amifostine	manidipine	canrenone	maprotiline	plerixafor	apramycin	gentamycin	lypressin	dihydrostreptomycin	sisomicin	fangchinoline	desmopressin	proanthocyanidin	tosufloxacin p-toluenesulfonate	tanshinone i	nuciferine	guanethidine	capastat
35 compounds inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication in Huh7 cells from Pickard et al.	A library of 1,971 FDA-approved drugs was screened in Huh7 cells, and 35 hits were identified. From the penultimate (unnumbered) table of Pickard et al. Discovery of re-purposed drugs that slow SARS-CoV-2 replication in human cells, bioRxiv, 3/10/2021.	amodiaquine	atovaquone	daunorubicin	amlodipine	ebastine	raloxifene	lovastatin	fluvastatin	amiodarone	benidipine	fluoxetine	bedaquiline	homoharringtonine	flunarizine	duloxetine	cyclosporin a	chlorprothixene	manidipine	ospemifene	aripiprazole	ciclopirox	vitamin d3	cilnidipine	panobinostat (lbh589)	ly335979 (zosuquidar 3hcl)	ly2835219	dinaciclib (sch727965)	nitrendipine	cabozantinib malate (xl184)	isradipine (dynacirc)	tioconazole	lacidipine	masitinib (ab1010)	kpt-330
34 compounds inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells from Pickard et al.	A library of 1,971 FDA-approved drugs was screened in Vero cells, and 34 hits were identified. From the final (unnumbered) table of Pickard et al. Discovery of re-purposed drugs that slow SARS-CoV-2 replication in human cells, bioRxiv, 3/10/2021.	amodiaquine	atovaquone	cyclosporine	daunorubicin	amlodipine	ebastine	raloxifene	panobinostat	lovastatin	fluvastatin	masitinib	amiodarone	benidipine	fluoxetine	bedaquiline	homoharringtonine	flunarizine	duloxetine	dinaciclib	chlorprothixene	manidipine	ospemifene	aripiprazole	ciclopirox	vitamin d3	cilnidipine	nitrendipine	tioconazole	lacidipine	kpt-330	ly335979 (zosuquidar)	ly2835219 (abemaciclib mesylate)	cabozantinib	isradipine
23 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro from Zhu et al. (2020)	A quantitative high-throughput screen of 10,755 compounds consisting of approved and investigational drugs, and bioactive compounds was performed using a SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro assay. 23 small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro were identified, with IC50s ranging from 0.26 to 28.85 μM. Table 1 from Zhu et al. (2020) Identification of SARS-CoV-2 3CL Protease Inhibitors by a Quantitative High-Throughput Screening. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci, 3(5), pp. 1008-1016.	suramin	vitamin b12	z-fa-fmk	hydroxocobalamin	agaric acid	mk 0893	nsc 95397	beta-lapachone	fascaplysin	tbb	sp 100030	oritavancin	z-devd-fmk	cay-10581	sepantronium bromide	gw-0742	4e1rcat	lll-12	penta-o-galloyl-β-d-glucose	da-3003–1	walrycin b	su 16f	mg-115
13 small-molecule compounds against SARS-CoV-2 from Bojadzic et al.	This study identified small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) by screening a compound library focused on the chemical space of organic dyes. Among promising candidates identified, several dyes (including Congo red, direct violet 1 & Evans blue) and novel drug-like compounds (including DRI-C23041 & DRI-C91005) inhibited the interaction of hACE2 with the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 as well as SARS-CoV with low micromolar activity in cell-free ELISA-type assays (IC50s of 0.2-3.0 μM). From figures 1, 3, 4 & 5 of Bojadzic et al. (2020) Small-Molecule In Vitro Inhibitors of the Coronavirus Spike – ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction as Blockers of Viral Attachment and Entry for SARS-CoV-2 (bioRxiv, 10/22/2020).	methylene blue	dri-c61041	dri-c24041	congo red	dri-c21041	chlorazol black	dri-c91005	direct violet 1	calcomine scarlet 3b	evans blue	dri-c2204745	dri-c23041	dri-c71041
20 SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors via FRET biosensor from Brown et al. (2020)	This study employs a biosensor for the 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease from SARS-CoV-2, comprising a FRET-capable pair of fluorescent proteins held in proximity by a protease cleavable linker. The 20 most active inhibitors exhibited sub-micromolar inhibition of 3CLpro in follow-up EC50 assays. From Figure 5A of Brown et al. (2020) High-Throughput Screening for Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Protease Using a FRET-Biosensor. Molecules, 25(20), 4666.	ebselen	apomorphine	piceatannol	r(-)-n-allylnorapomorphine	4-chloromercuribenzoic acid	6-nitroso-1,2-benzopyrone	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	zpck	r(-)-npa	zm 39923	u-73122	r(-)-2-hydroxyapomorphine	bromoenol lactone	(-)-eseroline	alpha-neta	capsazepine	myricetin	dihydrexidine	pd 404,182	r(-)-2-oh-npa
17 compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells from Saul et al.	An in vitro screen of 4,413 compounds produced 17 candidates that rescue cells from SARS-CoV-2-induced lethality and target diverse functions. From Figure 1D (compounds with EC50 <= 18) of Saul et al. (2021) Pan-ErbB inhibition protects from SARS-CoV-2 replication, inflammation, and injury. bioRxiv, 5/16/2021.	loperamide	fluspirilene	tetrandrine	lapatinib	gedunin	sunitinib	monensin	josamycin	aurothioglucose	tyrphostin ag 879	ac-leu-leu-nle-cho	azaserine	penitrem a	calcimycin	lycorine	tyrphostin a9	spiperone
55 hits from imaging infection assay screen in HeLa-ACE2 cells from Bakowski et al. (2021)	The ReFRAME drug repurposing library was screened against a high-throughput, high-content imaging infection assay using HeLa cells expressing SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2. Drug set is from Figure 2(a) and Supplementary Data 1 file. From Bakowski et al. (2021) Drug repurposing screens identify chemical entities for the development of COVID-19 interventions. Nature Communications 12, Article 3309 (6/03/2021). PMID: 34083527	azithromycin	amodiaquine	halofantrine	remdesivir	hydroxychloroquine	chloroquine	cepharanthine	bazedoxifene	nelfinavir	digoxin	raloxifene	imatinib	amiodarone	pyronaridine	mk-2206	apilimod	sorafenib	hanfangchin a	aq-13	z lvg chn2	reserpine	simeprevir	nebivolol	dabigatran etexilate	asenapine	gw-803430	zuclopenthixol	apy0201	azd-9291/osimertinib	s-33084	ferroquine	n-hydroxycytidine	monatepil	tilorine	8-chloroadenosine	a 81834	bgb324	ozanimod	thalicarpine	nnc 090026	nco 700	ethylisobutrazine	kc 11404	pipamazine	cr-3124	amopyroquine	cfi-400945	dutacatib	trimipramine	tesevatinib/xl647	ly2228820/ralimetinib	manidipine/manyper	gs-9901	lg-6-101	mk-4482
41 hit compounds from imaging infection assay screen in Calu-3 cells from Bakowski et al. (2021)	The ReFRAME drug repurposing library was screened against a high-throughput, high-content imaging infection assay using Calu-3 cells. Drug set is from Figure 2(b) and Supplementary Data 2 file. From Bakowski et al. (2021) Drug repurposing screens identify chemical entities for the development of COVID-19 interventions. Nature Communications 12, Article 3309 (6/03/2021). PMID: 34083527	camostat	anisomycin	lanatoside c	cephaeline	emetine	gemcitabine	cycloheximide	antimycin a	cerivastatin	resiniferatoxin	bardoxolone	avoralstat	bruceantin	to-195	arn-810	oligomycin a	lestaurtinib	oligomycin b	genz-29155	uk-356202	mitoguazone	pyridaben	az-11713908	rwj-56423	ym 60828	ono-3307	elubrixin	antimycin a3	e-7090	cymarine	agn-194310	phorbol	mk-8722	verosudil	sar-407899	on-09310	sr-26050	tanaproget	bms-223131	ins-117548	deazaneplanocin a
32 hit compounds from TGFβ-induced ECM deposition assay in human lung fibroblasts from Marwick et al. (2021)	A library of 2,743 small molecules representing approved drugs and late-stage clinical candidates was screened. The assay measured transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-induced ECM deposition from primary human lung fibroblasts. Hit compounds from Figure 3(A) of Marwick et al. (2021) Application of a High-Content Screening Assay Utilizing Primary Human Lung Fibroblasts to Identify Antifibrotic Drugs for Rapid Repurposing in COVID-19 Patients. SLAS Discov (6/02/2021). PMID: 34078171	niclosamide	melatonin	ivermectin	fenretinide	camptothecin	baclofen	diacerein	prenylamine	maprotiline	bix-01294	kenpaullone	win 62,577	buflomedil	glycopyrrolate	yohimbine	diphenyleneiodonium cl	azaguanine-8	furazolidone	triprolidine	flavoxate	pd-407824	jfd00244	nicoldipine	gsk-650394	pyridostatin	mizolastine	human defensin b3	phaclofen	bufexamac	bezafibrate	repsox	pindolol
16 compounds reducing TMPRSS2 expression against SARS-CoV-2 from Chen et al. (2021)	The Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 attaches to host lung epithelial cells through the cell surface receptor ACE2, a process dependent on host proteases including TMPRSS2. This study identifies small molecules that reduce surface expression of TMPRSS2 using a library of 2,560 FDA-approved or current clinical trial compounds. TMPRSS2-HiBiT-BEAS-2B cells (human bronchial epithelial cells) were used for the screen. Compounds in this drug set are derived from the blue box in Figure 2B. From Chen et al. (2021) A high-throughput screen for TMPRSS2 expression identifies FDA-approved compounds that can limit SARS-CoV-2 entry. Nature Communications, 12(1): 3907 (6/23/2021).	penfluridol	dasatinib	auranofin	venetoclax	homoharringtonine	verteporfin	azelnidipine	cilnidipine	halofuginone	phenazine	pyrvinium	sanguinarine	parthenolide	felodipine	cilengitide