ACP6 Gene

Name	acid phosphatase 6, lysophosphatidic
Description	This gene encodes a member of the histidine acid phosphatase protein family. The encoded protein hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid, which is involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling, lipid raft modulation, and in balancing lipid composition within the cell. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ACP6 encodes a lysophosphatidic acid–specific acid phosphatase that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to monoacylglycerol, thereby playing a key role in regulating LPA‐dependent signaling and lipid metabolism. In several studies in human cancers, downregulation of ACP6 has been shown to promote oncogenic processes – including increased proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion – by enabling the accumulation of LPA and consequent up‐regulation of focal adhesion signaling. For example, in high‐grade serous ovarian cancer, mutant p53–mediated suppression of ACP6 was both necessary and sufficient to enhance tumor progression, while in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, reduced ACP6 expression correlated with greater local invasion, nodal metastasis, and poorer survival, suggesting a tumor‐suppressive function for ACP6 in these contexts."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Structural investigations have revealed that ACP6 possesses a large hydrophobic substrate–binding pocket and a conserved catalytic architecture that is ideally suited for binding LPA and promoting its hydrolysis, findings that are consistent with its biochemical role in regulating LPA levels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond oncogenesis, ACP6 has emerged as a candidate gene in diverse biological and developmental processes. Differential DNA methylation at the ACP6 locus has been correlated with variation in hearing ability during aging, indicating that its regulated expression may contribute to auditory function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, copy number variant studies have identified alterations encompassing ACP6 in patients with congenital heart defects and other structural anomalies, supporting a dosage‐sensitive role for this gene in normal cardiovascular development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In livestock species, ACP6 has been mapped to chromosomal regions associated with milk fat content. In cattle and sheep, sequence polymorphisms in ACP6 have been identified as candidates underlying quantitative trait loci that influence milk composition, suggesting a role in lipid processing in these species."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent genome‐wide pathway analyses have also implicated ACP6 in the regulation of bone mineral density and in the pathogenesis of cerebral visual impairment and early‐onset obesity, further underscoring the pleiotropic roles of this enzyme in human physiology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, in parasitic organisms such as "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clonorchis sinensis"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", homologues of ACP6 (i.e. lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase homologues) have been identified as excretory–secretory antigens, highlighting their potential utility in molecular diagnostics for parasitic infections."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings highlight that ACP6, by modulating LPA metabolism, influences a wide array of cellular processes ranging from tumor suppression and developmental regulation to metabolic and sensory function.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Agnieszka Chryplewicz, Samantha M Tienda, Dominik A Nahotko, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mutant p53 regulates LPA signaling through lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-019-41352-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41352-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30914657"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30914657"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takuya Ando, Hideyuki Ishiguro, Yoshiyuki Kuwabara, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of ACP6 is an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16685394"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16685394"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jun Li, Yu Dong, Xingru Lü, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Crystal structures and biochemical studies of human lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein Cell (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13238-013-3031-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-013-3031-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23807634"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23807634"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "César L Araujo, Pirkko T Vihko "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structure of Acid phosphatases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Methods Mol Biol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/978-1-62703-562-0_11"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-562-0_11"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23860654"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23860654"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lisa E Wolber, Claire J Steves, Pei-Chien Tsai, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epigenome-wide DNA methylation in hearing ability: new mechanisms for an old problem."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0105729"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105729"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25184702"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25184702"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aoy Tomita-Mitchell, Donna K Mahnke, Craig A Struble, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human gene copy number spectra analysis in congenital heart malformations."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Physiol Genomics (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1152/physiolgenomics.00013.2012"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00013.2012"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22318994"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22318994"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chih-Ping Chen, Shu-Yuan Chang, Yen-Ni Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prenatal diagnosis of a familial 1q21.1-q21.2 microdeletion in a fetus with polydactyly of left foot on prenatal ultrasound."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.tjog.2018.08.024"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjog.2018.08.024"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30342663"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30342663"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J H Calvo, A Martínez-Royo, L Silveri, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Isolation, mapping and identification of SNPs for four genes (ACP6, CGN, ANXA9, SLC27A3) from a bovine QTL region on BTA3."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cytogenet Genome Res (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1159/000091926"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000091926"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16717448"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16717448"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J H Calvo, A Martínez-Royo, A E Beattie, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fine mapping of genes on sheep chromosome 1 and their association with milk traits."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anim Genet (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01412.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01412.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16734677"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16734677"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Young Ho Lee, Sung Jae Choi, Jong Dae Ji, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Novel genetic causes for cerebral visual impairment."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur J Hum Genet (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ejhg.2015.186"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2015.186"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26350515"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26350515"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maria Pettersson, Heli Viljakainen, Petra Loid, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Copy Number Variants Are Enriched in Individuals With Early-Onset Obesity and Highlight Novel Pathogenic Pathways."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1210/jc.2017-00565"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-00565"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28605459"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28605459"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fengyu Hu, Xinbing Yu, Changling Ma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clonorchis sinensis: expression, characterization, immunolocalization and serological reactivity of one excretory/secretory antigen-LPAP homologue."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Parasitol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.exppara.2007.04.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2007.04.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17507009"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17507009"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	ACPL1, PACPL1
Proteins	PPA6_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	51205
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ACP6 has 5,809 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 117 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ACP6 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ACP6 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by ACP6 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ACP6 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ACP6 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with ACP6 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACP6 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACP6 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACP6 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACP6 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ACP6 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ACP6 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ACP6 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ACP6 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ACP6 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ACP6 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with ACP6 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACP6 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with ACP6 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of ACP6 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by ACP6 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases involving ACP6 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving ACP6 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with ACP6 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ACP6 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ACP6 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACP6 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with ACP6 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ACP6 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACP6 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACP6 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ACP6 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACP6 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.