ACTR3 Gene

Name	ARP3 actin-related protein 3 homolog (yeast)
Description	The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, the protein it encodes is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ACTR3 (also known as Arp3) is a core component of the Arp2/3 complex that‐mediates de novo nucleation of branched actin filaments and thereby orchestrates diverse aspects of cytoskeletal remodeling. Functional studies in cancer models demonstrate that Arp2/3‐mediated actin polymerization drives enhanced cancer cell motility and vessel co‐option, contributing to resistance against anti‐angiogenic therapies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastric cancer, ACTR3 is one of several targets downregulated by the tumor suppressor ZNF331, a change associated with reduced migration and invasion"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", emphasizing its role in cell motility. In diabetic nephropathy models, phosphorylated Drp1 interacts with ACTR3 to promote local F‐actin accumulation, thereby linking actin dynamics with mitochondrial fission."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, in the nervous system, endogenous interactions between pannexin channels and ACTR3 contribute to cytoskeletal rearrangements that support cell migration and neurite extension"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while in lens fiber cells, discrete localization of ACTR3 at the base of small protrusions supports specialized adhesion structures critical for proper tissue architecture."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, microRNA‐mediated modulation of Arp2/3 complex components—including ACTR3—has been implicated in the regulation of Rac isoforms and downstream migration/proliferation effects in developmental disorders"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and proteomic analyses have further confirmed ACTR3 as an integral subunit interacting with other signaling proteins such as PKD2 in vesicular transport at the trans‐Golgi network."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sophia Frentzas, Eve Simoneau, Victoria L Bridgeman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vessel co-option mediates resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy in liver metastases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Med (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nm.4197"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4197"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27748747"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27748747"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shae B Padrick, Lynda K Doolittle, Chad A Brautigam, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arp2/3 complex is bound and activated by two WASP proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1100236108"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1100236108"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21676863"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21676863"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Yu, Q Y Liang, J Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zinc-finger protein 331, a novel putative tumor suppressor, suppresses growth and invasiveness of gastric cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2012.54"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2012.54"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22370639"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22370639"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniel L Galvan, Jianyin Long, Nathanael Green, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Drp1S600 phosphorylation regulates mitochondrial fission and progression of nephropathy in diabetic mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI127277"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI127277"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31063459"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31063459"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Leigh E Wicki-Stordeur, Leigh Anne Swayne "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Panx1 regulates neural stem and progenitor cell behaviours associated with cytoskeletal dynamics and interacts with multiple cytoskeletal elements."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Commun Signal (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1478-811X-11-62"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-811X-11-62"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23964896"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23964896"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Catherine Cheng, Roberta B Nowak, Sondip K Biswas, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tropomodulin 1 Regulation of Actin Is Required for the Formation of Large Paddle Protrusions Between Mature Lens Fiber Cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1167/iovs.16-19949"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.16-19949"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27537257"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27537257"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weibing Tang, Peng Cai, Weiwei Huo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Suppressive action of miRNAs to ARP2/3 complex reduces cell migration and proliferation via RAC isoforms in Hirschsprung disease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Mol Med (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/jcmm.12799"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.12799"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26991540"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26991540"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Björn Häupl, Christian H Ihling, Andrea Sinz "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein Interaction Network of Human Protein Kinase D2 Revealed by Chemical Cross-Linking/Mass Spectrometry."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Proteome Res (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00513"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00513"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27559607"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27559607"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	ARP3
Proteins	ARP3_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	10096
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ACTR3 has 9,341 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 119 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ACTR3 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ACTR3 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by ACTR3 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving ACTR3 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with ACTR3 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with ACTR3 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACTR3 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACTR3 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACTR3 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ACTR3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ACTR3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ACTR3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ACTR3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing ACTR3 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ACTR3 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with ACTR3 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACTR3 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ACTR3 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ACTR3 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACTR3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with ACTR3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for ACTR3 protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ACTR3 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACTR3 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ACTR3 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ACTR3 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ACTR3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ACTR3 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with ACTR3 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ACTR3 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.