ADAD1 Gene

Name adenosine deaminase domain containing 1 (testis-specific)
Description Predicted to enable double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase activity; double-stranded RNA binding activity; and tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase activity. Predicted to be involved in RNA processing and adenosine to inosine editing. Predicted to act upstream of or within spermatid development. Predicted to be located in male germ cell nucleus. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm and nucleolus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ADAD1 is a testis‐specific adenosine deaminase domain–containing protein that, unlike its classical counterparts, plays an essential role in male germ cell differentiation rather than in A‐to‐I RNA editing. Although its structure is reminiscent of ADAR enzymes, its AD domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive. Expression studies show that ADAD1 is predominantly localized to round spermatids, and functional disruption of the Adad1 gene in mice results in complete male sterility accompanied by severe teratospermia. Interestingly, genetic ablation of ADAD1 does not alter the overall efficiency or site selectivity of RNA editing, indicating that its critical function lies in ensuring proper spermatid morphogenesis and subsequent germ cell maturation independent of RNA editing activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elizabeth Snyder, Lauren Chukrallah, Kelly Seltzer, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "ADAD1 and ADAD2, testis-specific adenosine deaminase domain-containing proteins, are required for male fertility."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-020-67834-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67834-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32665638"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32665638"}]}]}]}
Synonyms TENR
Proteins ADAD1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 132612
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View ADAD1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View ADAD1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View ADAD1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

ADAD1 has 2,118 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 83 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ADAD1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with ADAD1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ADAD1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of ADAD1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of ADAD1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas gene perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing ADAD1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing ADAD1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with ADAD1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with ADAD1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with ADAD1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations traits associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by ADAD1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with ADAD1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with ADAD1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ADAD1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ADAD1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of ADAD1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ADAD1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GAD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with ADAD1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ADAD1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing ADAD1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 cellular components containing ADAD1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 cellular components containing ADAD1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by ADAD1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 phenotypes associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations diseases associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ADAD1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ADAD1 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ADAD1 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes phenotypes of mice caused by ADAD1 gene knockout from the IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for ADAD1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of ADAD1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of ADAD1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of ADAD1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain ADAD1 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by ADAD1 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of ADAD1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by ADAD1 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of ADAD1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ADAD1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 transcription factors regulating expression of ADAD1 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of ADAD1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of ADAD1 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of ADAD1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of ADAD1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of ADAD1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of ADAD1 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of ADAD1 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with ADAD1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with ADAD1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving ADAD1 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.