AGER Gene

HGNC Family	Immunoglobulin superfamily domain containing
Name	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor
Description	The advanced glycosylation end product (AGE) receptor encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors. It is a multiligand receptor, and besides AGE, interacts with other molecules implicated in homeostasis, development, and inflammation, and certain diseases, such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, as well as non-protein-coding variants, have been described for this gene (PMID:18089847). [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n AGER, the gene encoding the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products (RAGE), functions as a multiligand receptor that plays a central role in sensing cellular stress and propagating inflammatory signals. RAGE binds an array of endogenous ligands—including advanced glycation end‐products, high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100/calgranulin proteins, and others—to activate intracellular signaling cascades such as those mediated by nuclear factor–κB (NF‐κB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinases. This ligand–receptor interaction triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and promotes leukocyte recruitment, thereby linking tissue injury to the maintenance and amplification of inflammation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In many pathological settings—including sepsis, ischemia–reperfusion injury, diabetic vascular complications, neurodegenerative disorders, and even cancer—RAGE engagement by its ligands magnifies tissue damage and sustains chronic inflammation. For instance, HMGB1 binding to RAGE on immune cells not only heightens inflammatory cytokine production but also directs processes such as dendritic cell maturation and neutrophil recruitment, which further accentuate tissue injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, structural diversity generated by alternative splicing of AGER yields soluble isoforms that can act as decoy receptors, sequestering ligands and potentially mitigating the downstream inflammatory cascade. The balance between the full‐length, signaling‐competent receptor and its soluble counterparts is emerging as an important modulator of the intensity and duration of inflammatory responses, and may influence the susceptibility to chronic inflammatory diseases and vascular injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, AGER/RAGE acts as a key cellular sensor that, through multiligand engagement, integrates various signals of cellular stress, orchestrates inflammatory responses, and contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse conditions such as sepsis, ischemic injury, diabetic complications, and cancer. These attributes make RAGE not only an attractive target for therapeutic intervention but also an important biomarker of chronic inflammation and tissue injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Paola Scaffidi, Tom Misteli, Marco E Bianchi "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature00858"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature00858"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12110890"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12110890"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jong Sung Park, Daiva Svetkauskaite, Qianbin He, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Involvement of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in cellular activation by high mobility group box 1 protein."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M306793200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M306793200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14660645"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14660645"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carmen Fiuza, Michael Bustin, Shefali Talwar, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inflammation-promoting activity of HMGB1 on human microvascular endothelial cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood-2002-05-1300"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-05-1300"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12456506"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12456506"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ingrid E Dumitriu, Paramita Baruah, Barbara Valentinis, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Release of high mobility group box 1 by dendritic cells controls T cell activation via the receptor for advanced glycation end products."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.7506"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.7506"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15944249"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15944249"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Martin Andrassy, Hans C Volz, John C Igwe, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High-mobility group box-1 in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circulation (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769331"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769331"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18574060"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18574060"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ravichandran Ramasamy, Shi Fang Yan, Ann Marie Schmidt "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Receptor for AGE (RAGE): signaling mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ann N Y Acad Sci (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06320.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06320.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22211895"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22211895"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Taichi Sakaguchi, Shi Fang Yan, Shi Du Yan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Central role of RAGE-dependent neointimal expansion in arterial restenosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI17115"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI17115"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12671045"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12671045"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christoffer Gebhardt, Astrid Riehl, Moritz Durchdewald, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RAGE signaling sustains inflammation and promotes tumor development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20070679"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070679"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18208974"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18208974"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	RAGE, SCARJ1
Proteins	RAGE_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	177
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

AGER has 9,157 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 115 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for AGER from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

AGER Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AGER gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with AGER gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AGER gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGER gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGER gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of AGER gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing AGER protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing AGER protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with AGER protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with AGER protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AGER gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with AGER gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with AGER gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGER gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with AGER gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by AGER gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with AGER gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with AGER gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with AGER gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGER gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with AGER gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at AGER gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AGER gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGER gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing AGER from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGER gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGER gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AGER gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with AGER gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing AGER from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.