AGPAT4 Gene

HGNC Family	1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases (AGPAT)
Name	1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 4
Description	This gene encodes a member of the 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase family. This integral membrane protein converts lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid, the second step in de novo phospholipid biosynthesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n AGPAT4 (also known as LPAATδ) is a lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to phosphatidic acid (PA), an essential intermediate in the synthesis of glycerophospholipids and triacylglycerols. Biochemical and cell‐localization studies indicate that AGPAT4 is predominantly associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane in brain and skeletal muscle, where it supports the synthesis of key phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol—thereby contributing to appropriate membrane composition and the incorporation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (notably DHA) into neural membranes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the context of human disease, aberrant AGPAT4 expression is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of various cancers and metabolic disorders. For instance, in colorectal cancer, silencing of AGPAT4 has been linked to enhanced LPA release that polarizes macrophages toward an M1-like phenotype, thereby suppressing tumor growth in xenograft models."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, upregulation of AGPAT4 is observed in bladder cancer organoids and is incorporated into metabolic gene signatures that correlate with poor prognosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n AGPAT4 expression is also modulated by environmental and metabolic stressors. In zebrafish, exposure to sublethal doses of a herbicide or to bisphenol S (BPS) upregulates agpat4 mRNA in the liver, an alteration that is associated with increased de novo triglyceride biosynthesis and fat accumulation, thereby implicating AGPAT4 in the development of hepatic steatosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, human genetic studies have identified polymorphisms in AGPAT4 that associate with plasma triglyceride levels and alterations in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its enzymatic role in lipid biosynthesis, the participation of AGPAT4 in broader lipid remodeling pathways has implications for cell signaling mechanisms (including phosphatidic acid–mediated pathways) and membrane trafficking processes such as endo-/exocytosis. Altered AGPAT4 expression is also noted in hematologic malignancies, suggesting additional prognostic relevance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings underscore the multifaceted functions of AGPAT4 in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis and in modulating pathological states such as cancer and metabolic disease.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ryan M Bradley, Phillip M Marvyn, Juan J Aristizabal Henao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase 4 (AGPAT4) is a mitochondrial lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that regulates brain phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol levels."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26417903"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26417903"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ryan M Bradley, Darin Bloemberg, Juan J Aristizabal Henao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lpaatδ/Agpat4 deficiency impairs maximal force contractility in soleus and alters fibre type in extensor digitorum longus muscle."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29627383"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29627383"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Miki Eto, Hideo Shindou, Takao Shimizu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A novel lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase enzyme (LPAAT4) with a possible role for incorporating docosahexaenoic acid into brain glycerophospholipids."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.043"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.043"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24333445"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24333445"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dapeng Zhang, Rongchen Shi, Wei Xiang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Agpat4/LPA axis in colorectal cancer cells regulates antitumor responses via p38/p65 signaling in macrophages."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Signal Transduct Target Ther (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41392-020-0117-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-0117-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32296017"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32296017"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mohamed Elbadawy, Tatsuya Usui, Takashi Mori, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Establishment of a novel experimental model for muscle-invasive bladder cancer using a dog bladder cancer organoid culture."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/cas.14118"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14118"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31254429"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31254429"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Knut M Wittkowski, Christina Dadurian, Martin P Seybold, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Complex polymorphisms in endocytosis genes suggest alpha-cyclodextrin as a treatment for breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0199012"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199012"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29965997"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29965997"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Feng Zhao, Mengna Zhang, Mengyu Guo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Effects of sublethal concentration of metamifop on hepatic lipid metabolism in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aquat Toxicol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105938"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105938"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34416465"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34416465"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weiwei Wang, Xiaona Zhang, Jingyu Qin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long-term bisphenol S exposure induces fat accumulation in liver of adult male zebrafish (Danio rerio) and slows yolk lipid consumption in F1 offspring."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chemosphere (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30660906"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30660906"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Catherine Ouellette, Hubert Cormier, Iwona Rudkowska, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Polymorphisms in genes involved in the triglyceride synthesis pathway and marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation modulate plasma triglyceride levels."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1159/000357432"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000357432"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24401637"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24401637"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yao Hu, Huaixing Li, Ling Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome-wide meta-analyses identify novel loci associated with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in Chinese and European-ancestry populations."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mol Genet (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/hmg/ddw002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddw002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26744325"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26744325"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alessandra Trojani, Barbara Di Camillo, Alessandra Tedeschi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene expression profiling identifies ARSD as a new marker of disease progression and the sphingolipid metabolism as a potential novel metabolism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Biomark (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3233/CBM-2012-0259"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3233/CBM-2012-0259"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22820137"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22820137"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	DJ473J16.2, LPAAT-DELTA, 1-AGPAT4
Proteins	PLCD_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	56895
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

AGPAT4 has 6,051 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 126 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for AGPAT4 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

AGPAT4 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of AGPAT4 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with AGPAT4 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with AGPAT4 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AGPAT4 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGPAT4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGPAT4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing AGPAT4 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of AGPAT4 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing AGPAT4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing AGPAT4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing AGPAT4 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing AGPAT4 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with AGPAT4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with AGPAT4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AGPAT4 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with AGPAT4 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGPAT4 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with AGPAT4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of AGPAT4 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by AGPAT4 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with AGPAT4 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with AGPAT4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with AGPAT4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AGPAT4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with AGPAT4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at AGPAT4 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AGPAT4 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AGPAT4 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing AGPAT4 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.