{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Anti‐Müllerian hormone receptor type II (AMHR2) is the specific type II receptor that mediates the biological actions of anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) in a variety of developmental and physiological contexts. In the male embryo, AMH–AMHR2 signaling in the Müllerian duct mesenchyme is essential for Müllerian duct regression and thus for normal male sexual differentiation ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In females, AMHR2 is expressed in ovarian somatic cells and its signaling is implicated in controlling aspects of folliculogenesis, including the inhibition of premature follicle recruitment and the modulation of follicle‐stimulating hormone sensitivity; genetic variants in AMHR2 have been associated with altered estradiol production and premature ovarian aging, as well as with polycystic ovary syndrome ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "3", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Beyond its roles in sexual differentiation and ovarian function, signaling through AMHR2 also appears to mediate growth‐inhibitory and differentiative signals in Müllerian‐derived tissues; for instance, in certain cervical, endometrial, and prostate cancer cells AMH acting via AMHR2 can induce tumor suppressor pathways, thereby inhibiting cell growth ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In addition, AMHR2 expression in non‐reproductive tissues such as the brain suggests that AMH signaling may contribute to neuroprotective functions and even influence subtle sex‐dependent neural differentiation ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Together, these findings underscore AMHR2’s pivotal role as the receptor that conveys AMH’s diverse regulatory signals during embryogenesis, in adult reproductive physiology, and in the modulation of cell proliferation in both normal and disease states.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Soazik P Jamin, Nelson A Arango, Yuji Mishina, et al. 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