ANPEP Gene

HGNC Family	CD molecules (CD), Aminopeptidases
Name	alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase
Description	Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. This membrane-bound zinc metalloprotease is known to serve as a receptor for the HCoV-229E alphacoronavirus as well as other non-human coronaviruses. This gene has also been shown to promote angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis and defects in this gene are associated with various types of leukemia and lymphoma. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2020]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Aminopeptidase N (ANPEP), also known as CD13, is a multifunctional, membrane‐bound metalloprotease that plays several important roles in human physiology. In the context of viral infections, ANPEP serves as a key receptor for human coronavirus 229E (HCoV‐229E). Binding of the viral spike protein to ANPEP triggers its clustering into cholesterol‐rich microdomains and association with caveolar components, thereby facilitating virus attachment and entry into host cells (1, 2). In addition to its role in mediating viral entry, ANPEP exhibits enzymatic activity on cell‐derived exosomes. For instance, microglial exosomes expressing ANPEP can efficiently cleave neuropeptides, such as leucine‐ and methionine‐enkephalin, suggesting a regulatory role in modulating neuropeptide bioactivity and, consequently, neuronal signaling (3). Moreover, the expression of ANPEP on certain fibrocyte subpopulations, such as lung fibrocytes, implies additional functions related to cell adhesion and migration during tissue repair or inflammatory responses (4). Collectively, these findings underscore the versatility of ANPEP/CD13 as both a receptor that facilitates viral invasion and as an enzyme capable of processing bioactive peptides, thereby linking it to diverse aspects of infectious and neurophysiological processes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Citations:"}]}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ryuji Nomura, Asuka Kiyota, Etsuko Suzaki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human coronavirus 229E binds to CD13 in rafts and enters the cell through caveolae."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.78.16.8701-8708.2004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.78.16.8701-8708.2004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15280478"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15280478"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stephanie Bertram, Ronald Dijkman, Matthias Habjan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TMPRSS2 activates the human coronavirus 229E for cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the respiratory epithelium."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.03372-12"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.03372-12"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23536651"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23536651"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ilaria Potolicchio, Gregory J Carven, Xiaonan Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteomic analysis of microglia-derived exosomes: metabolic role of the aminopeptidase CD13 in neuropeptide catabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.175.4.2237"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.175.4.2237"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16081791"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081791"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bethany B Moore, Jill E Kolodsick, Victor J Thannickal, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CCR2-mediated recruitment of fibrocytes to the alveolar space after fibrotic injury."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Pathol (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62289-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10"}, {"type": "t", "text": "62289-4) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15743780"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15743780"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	APN, GP150, CD13, LAP1, PEPN
Proteins	AMPN_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	290
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ANPEP has 13,909 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 133 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ANPEP from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ANPEP Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by ANPEP gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ANPEP gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ANPEP gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ANPEP gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with ANPEP protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with ANPEP gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ANPEP gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ANPEP gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ANPEP gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of ANPEP gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ANPEP gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ANPEP protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ANPEP protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ANPEP protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ANPEP protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ANPEP gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ANPEP gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with ANPEP gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ANPEP gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with ANPEP gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by ANPEP gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DGIdb Drug Targets 2026	interacting drugs for ANPEP protein from the DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with ANPEP gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ANPEP gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ANPEP gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ANPEP gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with ANPEP gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for ANPEP protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ANPEP gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ANPEP gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ANPEP gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ANPEP from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.