{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n The adipocyte plasma membrane‐associated protein (APMAP) is emerging as a multifunctional glycoprotein with diverse roles in metabolism, neurodegeneration, viral infection, cancer and immunity. In adipocytes, APMAP is induced during differentiation and adipogenesis, where its expression is upregulated by PPARγ and its extracellular domain and trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane are essential for efficient lipid accumulation and cell maturation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the central nervous system, APMAP functions as a negative regulator of amyloid‐β production. Through its interaction with the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and γ‐secretase, its partial depletion leads to accumulation of APP C-terminal fragments and increased Aβ secretion, which aggravates memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease models."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n APMAP is also implicated as a host cell modulator during viral infections. It plays a key role in the early stages of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and JC polyomavirus entry by interacting with viral glycoprotein complexes and facilitating nuclear translocation of viral tegument proteins, thereby promoting infection in several cell types."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In cancer, elevated APMAP expression is associated with aggressive tumor behavior. Increased levels have been linked with enhanced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis in malignancies such as colorectal, cervical and prostate cancers. Moreover, genomic gains in the region encoding APMAP correlate with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer, and its altered glycosylation may serve as a promising diagnostic biomarker in liquid biopsies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "11", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, proteomic analyses of immune cells have identified APMAP as a novel surface glycoprotein whose expression is remodeled during immune activation and in response to pathogen challenge, suggesting roles in cell adhesion and immune regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, in the context of therapeutic intervention, targeting APMAP has shown promise. For example, an aptamer specific for APMAP was able to ameliorate fat deposition in adipocytes and reduce obesity‐related phenotypes, and homologs of APMAP have been explored as vaccine antigens to control parasitic infections in poultry."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Juliane G Bogner-Strauss, Andreas Prokesch, Fatima Sanchez-Cabo, et al. 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