ATG2B Gene

Name	autophagy related 2B
Description	This gene encodes a protein required for autophagy. The encoded protein is involved in autophagosome formation. A germline duplication of a region that includes this gene is associated with predisposition to myeloid malignancies. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ATG2B is emerging as a pivotal component of the autophagy machinery with multifaceted roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In mammalian cells, ATG2B (in partnership with its paralog ATG2A) is integral to proper phagophore expansion and autophagosome maturation, with its loss or mutation leading to accumulation of unsealed, immature autophagic structures and disturbed lipid‐droplet morphology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastrointestinal cancers exhibiting microsatellite instability, frameshift mutations in ATG2B are among several alterations that likely contribute to oncogenesis by deregulating autophagy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its fundamental role in autophagosome formation, ATG2B is subject to intricate regulation by microRNAs in various disease contexts. For instance, direct targeting of ATG2B by miR‑143 suppresses autophagy and cell proliferation in non‑small cell lung cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while miR‑130a and miR‑1278 modulate its expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, respectively, thereby affecting chemoresistance and drug sensitivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Additionally, studies in osteoarthritis and cisplatin‑resistant osteosarcoma have shown that miR‑375 targeting of ATG2B leads to impaired autophagy and altered cell death responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Notably, germline duplications that encompass ATG2B (in conjunction with GSKIP) have been linked to a predisposition for myeloid malignancies by enhancing hematopoietic progenitor differentiation and increasing cytokine sensitivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In other pathological settings such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, altered ATG2B expression—regulated via miRNA networks (for example, through miR‑320a)—has been associated with changes in autophagy that influence cell survival and tumor behavior."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings underscore that ATG2B is not only central to autophagosome biogenesis and lipid handling but also functions as a key node regulated by genetic, epigenetic, and post‐transcriptional mechanisms. Disruption of its normal expression or function can compromise autophagic flux, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and even aberrant hematopoietic differentiation.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mi Ran Kang, Min Sung Kim, Ji Eun Oh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Frameshift mutations of autophagy-related genes ATG2B, ATG5, ATG9B and ATG12 in gastric and colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Pathol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/path.2509"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/path.2509"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19197948"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19197948"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anoop Kumar G Velikkakath, Taki Nishimura, Eiko Oita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mammalian Atg2 proteins are essential for autophagosome formation and important for regulation of size and distribution of lipid droplets."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E11-09-0785"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E11-09-0785"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22219374"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22219374"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xuemei Zhang, Chuan Li, Da Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aberrant methylation of ATG2B, ATG4D, ATG9A and ATG9B CpG island promoter is associated with decreased mRNA expression in sporadic breast carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.gene.2016.05.036"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2016.05.036"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27265029"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27265029"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jiali Wei, Zhongliang Ma, Yanli Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-143 inhibits cell proliferation by targeting autophagy-related 2B in non-small cell lung cancer H1299 cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Med Rep (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/mmr.2014.2675"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2675"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25322940"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25322940"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jinyan Zhang, Ke Chen, Yuexiao Tang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA-HOTAIR activates autophagy and promotes the imatinib resistance of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells through a mechanism involving the miR-130a/ATG2B pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-021-03650-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03650-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33824300"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33824300"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yingying Zhao, Peihua Wang, Qingwei Wu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-1278 sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to cisplatin and suppresses autophagy via targeting ATG2B."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Probes (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101597"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101597"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32407879"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32407879"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hongxing Li, Zhiling Li, Yigang Pi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-375 exacerbates knee osteoarthritis through repressing chondrocyte autophagy by targeting ATG2B."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aging (Albany NY) (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/aging.103073"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103073"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32335541"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32335541"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S Gao, K Wang, X Wang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-375 targeting autophagy-related 2B (ATG2B) suppresses autophagy and tumorigenesis in cisplatin-resistant osteosarcoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neoplasma (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4149/neo_2020_190423N366"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2020_190423N366"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32726125"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32726125"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Joseph Saliba, Cécile Saint-Martin, Antonio Di Stefano, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Germline duplication of ATG2B and GSKIP predisposes to familial myeloid malignancies."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Genet (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ng.3380"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3380"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26280900"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26280900"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jean Pegliasco, Pierre Hirsch, Christophe Marzac, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Germline ATG2B/GSKIP-containing 14q32 duplication predisposes to early clonal hematopoiesis leading to myeloid neoplasms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Leukemia (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41375-021-01319-w"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01319-w"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34172895"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34172895"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaoqing Bi, Zhenjuan Jiang, Zhaohui Luan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Crocin exerts anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via miR-320a/ATG2B."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bioengineered (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/21655979.2021.1955175"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2021.1955175"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34320900"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34320900"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	C14ORF103
Proteins	ATG2B_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	55102
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ATG2B has 5,751 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 119 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ATG2B from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ATG2B Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ATG2B gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ATG2B gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ATG2B gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with ATG2B protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with ATG2B gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ATG2B gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ATG2B gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ATG2B gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of ATG2B gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ATG2B gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ATG2B protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ATG2B protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ATG2B protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ATG2B protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ATG2B protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ATG2B protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ATG2B gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ATG2B gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ATG2B gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of ATG2B protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by ATG2B gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ATG2B gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ATG2B gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ATG2B gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with ATG2B gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ATG2B gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ATG2B gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ATG2B gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ATG2B from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ATG2B gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with ATG2B gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.