AZIN2 Gene

Name	antizyme inhibitor 2
Description	The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 2, the second member of this gene family. Like antizyme inhibitor 1, antizyme inhibitor 2 interacts with all 3 antizymes and stimulates ODC activity and polyamine uptake. However, unlike antizyme inhibitor 1, which is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, antizyme inhibitor 2 is predominantly expressed in the brain and testis and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-golgi intermediate compartment. Recent studies indicate that antizyme inhibitor 2 is also expressed in specific cell types in ovaries, adrenal glands and pancreas, and in mast cells. The exact function of this gene is not known, however, available data suggest its role in cell growth, spermiogenesis, vesicular trafficking and secretion. Accumulation of antizyme inhibitor 2 has also been observed in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. There has been confusion in literature and databases over the nomenclature of this gene, stemming from an earlier report that a human cDNA clone (identical to ODCp/AZIN2) had arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity (PMID:14738999). Subsequent studies in human and mouse showed that antizyme inhibitor 2 was devoid of arginine decarboxylase activity (PMID:19956990). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Synonyms	ODC-P, AZIB1
Proteins	AZIN2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	113451
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

AZIN2 has 805 functional associations with biological entities spanning 5 categories (disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 25 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for AZIN2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome

AZIN2 Gene

Functional Associations

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Funding

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AZIN2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of AZIN2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of AZIN2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AZIN2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AZIN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AZIN2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with AZIN2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of AZIN2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations	kinase perturbations changing expression of AZIN2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
	GO Biological Process Annotations	biological processes involving AZIN2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations dataset.
	GO Cellular Component Annotations	cellular components containing AZIN2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations dataset.
	GO Molecular Function Annotations	molecular functions performed by AZIN2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations dataset.
	HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AZIN2 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
	HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with AZIN2 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
	HumanCyc Pathways	pathways involving AZIN2 protein from the HumanCyc Pathways dataset.
	InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations	protein domains predicted for AZIN2 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
	Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AZIN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AZIN2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with AZIN2 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations	cellular components predicted to contain AZIN2 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
	MiRTarBase microRNA Targets	microRNAs targeting AZIN2 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
	MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by AZIN2 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
	Reactome Pathways	pathways involving AZIN2 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
	TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets	microRNAs regulating expression of AZIN2 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
	TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets	microRNAs regulating expression of AZIN2 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.