{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n BORCS5 is a component of the BORC complex, a multisubunit assembly that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of lysosome positioning and intracellular trafficking. By participating in the recruitment of the small GTPase Arl8 to lysosomes, the BORC complex couples lysosomes to kinesin motors and specific microtubule tracks, thereby promoting their centrifugal, kinesin‐dependent movement toward the cell periphery. This positioning is essential not only for proper autophagosome–lysosome fusion and efficient autophagic degradation but also for diverse cellular processes such as synaptic vesicle transport and metabolic regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its role within the BORC complex, aberrations involving BORCS5 have been linked to cancer. Two independent studies have identified fusion transcripts in which BORCS5 is rearranged with other genes. In one report, a fusion between LMO3 and BORCS5 was detected in a pediatric Ewing sarcoma case, where the resultant transcript increased proliferation, decreased the expression of apoptosis‐related genes, and modulated differentiation pathways; notably, the expression profile and functional studies suggested that normal BORCS5 may act as a tumor suppressor in vivo."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In a second study in scirrhous‐type gastric cancer, a novel BORCS5–ETV6 fusion gene was identified that exhibited oncogenic activity, with suppression of its message partially impairing cell growth."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " These findings argue that disruption or inappropriate expression of BORCS5—in the context of fusion events—can contribute to oncogenic processes, highlighting its functional importance in both normal cellular homeostasis and disease."}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carlos M Guardia, Ginny G Farías, Rui Jia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BORC Functions Upstream of Kinesins 1 and 3 to Coordinate Regional Movement of Lysosomes along Different Microtubule Tracks."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.062"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.062"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27851960"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27851960"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cortnie Hartwig, William J Monis, Xun Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurodevelopmental disease mechanisms, primary cilia, and endosomes converge on the BLOC-1 and BORC complexes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dev Neurobiol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/dneu.22542"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dneu.22542"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28986965"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28986965"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Célia Dupain, Céline Gracia, Anne C Harttrampf, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Newly identified LMO3-BORCS5 fusion oncogene in Ewing sarcoma at relapse is a driver of tumor progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41388-019-0914-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-019-0914-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31488873"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31488873"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eirin Sai, Yoshiyuki Miwa, Reina Takeyama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of candidates for driver oncogenes in scirrhous-type gastric cancer cell lines."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/cas.14111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31222839"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31222839"}]}]}]}