BTG1 Gene

Name	B-cell translocation gene 1, anti-proliferative
Description	This gene is a member of an anti-proliferative gene family that regulates cell growth and differentiation. Expression of this gene is highest in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle and downregulated when cells progressed through G1. The encoded protein interacts with several nuclear receptors, and functions as a coactivator of cell differentiation. This locus has been shown to be involved in a t(8;12)(q24;q22) chromosomal translocation in a case of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n BTG1 functions as an important tumor‐suppressor and anti‐proliferative regulator in a variety of cellular contexts. In several cancers—including breast, colon, ovarian, and cervical malignancies—BTG1 expression is down‐regulated, a change that is associated with increased cell proliferation, reduced cell cycle arrest, diminished apoptosis, and overall poor clinical outcome."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In these settings, overexpression of BTG1 leads to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis, underscoring its role in restraining tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n BTG1 also appears to be critical in maintaining epithelial integrity and mitigating inflammation. In intestinal epithelial cells, for example, oncogenic microRNAs such as MIR301A and miR-27a-3p down-regulate BTG1, leading to reduced barrier function and enhanced inflammatory responses that potentially promote tumorigenesis and colitis-associated cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its roles in controlling proliferation and maintaining tissue homeostasis, BTG1 is implicated in cellular stress responses and the modulation of radiosensitivity. In renal carcinoma cells, BTG1 up-regulation following irradiation was associated with diminished radiosensitivity, whereas its knockdown enhanced radiation-induced cell death, with regulatory microRNAs such as miR-454-3p acting as upstream modulators."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, loss of BTG1 function has been linked to stress adaptation mechanisms via interaction with key transcription factors like ATF4, suggesting that BTG1 contributes to the regulation of cell survival under adverse conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings indicate that BTG1 plays a multifaceted role in controlling cell growth, preserving epithelial integrity, and modulating responses to both genotoxic stress and inflammatory signals. Its down-regulation by specific microRNAs and the consequent disruption of cellular homeostasis underscore the potential of BTG1 as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in the management of various solid tumors.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ran Zhu, Shi-Tao Zou, Jian-Mei Wan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BTG1 inhibits breast cancer cell growth through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2013.2697"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2697"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23982470"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23982470"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Junhe Zhang, Weihua Dong "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of B Cell Translocation Gene 1 Protein in Colon Carcinoma and its Clinical Significance."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2174/1574892815666200109113114"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1574892815666200109113114"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31916520"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31916520"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiu-Qiong Chen, Fan-Qiao Meng, Hua Xiong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of BTG1 Status in Solid Cancer for Future Researches Using a System Review and Meta-analysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Med Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11596-020-2150-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-020-2150-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32166669"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166669"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Laurensia Yuniati, Laurens T van der Meer, Esther Tijchon, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumor suppressor BTG1 promotes PRMT1-mediated ATF4 function in response to cellular stress."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.6519"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6519"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26657730"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26657730"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chong He, Tianming Yu, Yan Shi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA 301A Promotes Intestinal Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Cancer Development by Inhibiting BTG1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gastroenterology (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.049"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.049"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28193514"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28193514"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Enfang Li, Ke Han, Xuan Zhou "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "microRNA-27a-3p Down-regulation Inhibits Malignant Biological Behaviors of Ovarian Cancer by Targeting BTG1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Open Med (Wars) (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1515/med-2019-0065"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2019-0065"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31410369"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31410369"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xin Wu, Nan Ding, Wentao Hu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Down-regulation of BTG1 by miR-454-3p enhances cellular radiosensitivity in renal carcinoma cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Radiat Oncol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1748-717X-9-179"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-717X-9-179"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25115181"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25115181"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	APRO2
Proteins	BTG1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	694
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

BTG1 has 15,821 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 127 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for BTG1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

BTG1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving BTG1 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of BTG1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of BTG1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of BTG1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with BTG1 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with BTG1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of BTG1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of BTG1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of BTG1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of BTG1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of BTG1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing BTG1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing BTG1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing BTG1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with BTG1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with BTG1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of BTG1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with BTG1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with BTG1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by BTG1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases involving BTG1 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving BTG1 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with BTG1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with BTG1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with BTG1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with BTG1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with BTG1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at BTG1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of BTG1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of BTG1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing BTG1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.