{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n BTN3A2 is a member of the BTN3A family of immunoglobulin‐like transmembrane proteins that play diverse roles in immune regulation. Although BTN3A1 has been established as a key intracellular sensor mediating Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cell activation through binding of phosphoantigens, BTN3A2—lacking the intracellular B30.2 domain because of an Alu insertion (9)—also contributes to immune signaling. In tumor cells, BTN3A2 has been implicated in modulating antitumor responses: its expression by epithelial cells has been associated with favorable clinical outcomes in high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (2) and with improved distant metastasis‐free survival in hormone receptor–negative/HER2–positive breast cancer, suggesting a role in shaping the local immune microenvironment (6). Moreover, beyond its function in T‐cell activation—where BTN3A2, together with BTN3A1 and BTN3A3, can transmit activation signals to human γδ T cells (1)—BTN3A2 is preferentially expressed by natural killer cells, where its engagement appears to modulate cytokine production (3). Genetic association studies further support the multifaceted role of BTN3A2, as polymorphisms within its coding region have been linked to susceptibility to gastric cancer (4), type 1 diabetes (5), hepatitis C virus genotype selection (7) and schizophrenia, where altered expression may impact excitatory synaptic activity through interactions with presynaptic adhesion molecules (8). Finally, BTN3A2 is also detected as a constituent of the human milk fat globule membrane, potentially providing immune-modulatory signals during neonatal life (10). Collectively, these findings indicate that BTN3A2 acts as a multifunctional immunoregulatory molecule involved in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses, with implications for cancer immunosurveillance and autoimmune as well as neuropsychiatric diseases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David A Rhodes, Hung-Chang Chen, Amanda J Price, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential role for CD277 as a co-regulator of the immune signal in T and NK cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur J Immunol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/eji.201141404"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.201141404"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21918970"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21918970"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Meng Zhu, Caiwang Yan, Chuanli Ren, et al. 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