{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent studies suggest that C1orf146 (also known in its functional context as SPO16) may exert multifaceted roles in cellular physiology. In mammals, C1orf146 has been identified as the ortholog of the yeast Spo16 protein, where it interacts with SHOC1/MZIP2 and is essential for meiotic recombination. Specifically, the SPO16–SHOC1 complex stabilizes key recombination proteins and facilitates the processing of DNA double‐strand break repair intermediates into crossovers, thus ensuring accurate homologous chromosome segregation in meiosis (1).\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its meiotic role, comparative genomic studies have revealed that certain coding regions can serve dual functions. These analyses indicate that exonic sequences—including those of genes such as C1orf146—may also act as long‐range cis‐regulatory elements. This dual coding–regulatory functionality, conserved across vertebrates, emphasizes that protein‐coding exons can be under selection pressures for both their protein products and their regulatory contributions (2).\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, gene expression profiling in the adult rodent brain has uncovered that some highly conserved, vertebrate‐specific proteins show distinct regional expression patterns. For instance, a gene expressed almost exclusively in particular cortical layers and specific brain regions hints at similar specialized neuronal roles that might be anticipated for C1orf146, implicating it in the regulation of neural circuitry and function (3).\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Lastly, systems‐level analyses of gene co-expression networks from monozygotic twins have begun to delineate modules of genes associated with metabolic traits such as body mass index. Although a direct link between C1orf146 and obesity has not been firmly established, these studies underscore the complexity of gene regulatory networks and suggest potential, yet-to-be‐explored connections between such conserved genes and metabolic regulation (4).\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings underscore the evolutionary conservation and potential pleiotropic functions of C1orf146 in promoting meiotic crossovers, contributing to dual regulatory roles in genomic contexts, and possibly influencing specialized neuronal and metabolic functions.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n (1)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "  (2)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "  (3)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "  (4)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qianting Zhang, Shu-Yan Ji, Kiran Busayavalasa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SPO16 binds SHOC1 to promote homologous recombination and crossing-over in meiotic prophase I."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Adv (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1126/sciadv.aau9780"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau9780"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30746471"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30746471"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xianjun Dong, Pavla Navratilova, David Fredman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exonic remnants of whole-genome duplication reveal cis-regulatory function of coding exons."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gkp1124"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp1124"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19969543"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19969543"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kari M Ersland, Bjarte Håvik, Johanne Egge Rinholm, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LOC689986, a unique gene showing specific expression in restricted areas of the rodent neocortex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Neurosci (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2202-14-68"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-14-68"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23844656"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23844656"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weijing Wang, Wenjie Jiang, Lin Hou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of expression data of monozygotic twins identifies specific modules and hub genes related to BMI."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Genomics (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12864-017-4257-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-4257-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29132311"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29132311"}]}]}]}