{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent studies have begun to shed light on the potential function of C2orf78. In an extensive evolutionary and structural re‐analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal components, one study identified several novel human mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, suggesting that C2orf78 may be a previously uncharacterized member of the mitoribosome. Its evolutionary trajectory appears to involve domain accretion and possible gene duplication or recruitment events from non‐mitoribosomal proteins, emphasizing its potential role in mitochondrial translation and the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In parallel, comprehensive genome analyses exploring large tandem repeats have provided a broader context for gene organization within the human genome. Although this work primarily focused on the organization and copy number variation of complex DNA families, the genomic regions encompassing genes like C2orf78 may be influenced by such structural features, thereby impacting their regulation and function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, advanced mapping of large genomic rearrangements in cancer, such as in prostate tumor samples, emphasizes a spectrum of structural variants that often intersect with genes of oncogenic potential. This work raises the possibility that the regulatory landscape of genes, including C2orf78, may occasionally be remodeled as a consequence of such rearrangements, potentially altering expression profiles in disease conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, genomic characterization of neuroblastoma mouse models, aimed at faithfully recapitulating the human disease, further underlines the importance of detailed genomic investigations in deciphering gene function. Such studies may eventually help clarify if and how alterations in C2orf78 contribute to oncogenic processes or mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these integrated findings position C2orf78 as an intriguing candidate for further study. Its predicted involvement in the mitochondrial translation apparatus, coupled with its genomic context within regions prone to structural variability, highlights a dual relevance in both basic mitochondrial biology and in disease states such as cancer.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Paulien Smits, Jan A M Smeitink, Lambert P van den Heuvel, et al. 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