CAPN12 Gene

HGNC Family EF-hand domain containing
Name calpain 12
Description The calpains, calcium-activated neutral proteases, are nonlysosomal, intracellular cysteine proteases. The mammalian calpains include ubiquitous, stomach-specific, and muscle-specific proteins. The ubiquitous enzymes consist of heterodimers with distinct large, catalytic subunits associated with a common small, regulatory subunit. This gene encodes a member of the calpain large subunit family. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Calpain 12 (CAPN12) is a tissue‐specific member of the calpain family of Ca²⁺‐dependent proteases that appears to function as a modulator of cellular processes. Its role in epidermal development and hair follicle cycling was highlighted by the identification of deleterious CAPN12 mutations in a patient with congenital exfoliative erythroderma, hypotrichosis, severe nail dystrophy, and impaired expression of differentiation markers such as filaggrin; experimental knockdown of CAPN12 resulted in abnormal epidermal morphogenesis and premature hair follicle catagen transformation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, altered CAPN12 expression has been associated with changes in cytogenesis; for instance, in a thyroidectomized kidney‐yang deficiency rat model, increased calpain 12 levels were observed in liver mitochondria proteins and were subsequently normalized following treatment with warm and tonify kidney‐yang herbs."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Evidence from avian studies further implicates calpain 12 in the regulation of flagellar movement, where inhibition of calpain activity affected sperm motility without impairing the acrosome reaction."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, post‐translational modifications of calpain 12, such as enhanced nitration observed in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model, suggest that CAPN12 may also participate in the cellular stress responses underlying neurodegenerative processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings indicate that CAPN12 is essential for normal epidermal and hair follicle development and may contribute to other cellular events including mitochondrial metabolism and cytoskeletal regulation, with potential implications in pathological conditions.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ron Bochner, Liat Samuelov, Ofer Sarig, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Calpain 12 Function Revealed through the Study of an Atypical Case of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Invest Dermatol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.043"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.043"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27769845"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27769845"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "T N Dear, N T Meier, M Hunn, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene structure, chromosomal localization, and expression pattern of Capn12, a new member of the calpain large subunit gene family."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomics (2000)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1006/geno.2000.6289"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2000.6289"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10964513"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10964513"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dezhao Lu, Xingde Wo, Like Wo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Effects of warm and tonify kidney-yang herbs on liver mitochondria proteome of kidney-yang deficiency rats]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19673389"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19673389"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K Ashizawa, G J Wishart, S Katayama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Effects of calpain and Rho-kinase inhibitors on the acrosome reaction and motility of fowl spermatozoa in vitro."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reproduction (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1530/rep.1.00588"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00588"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16388011"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16388011"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Su Jeon Shin, Sung-Eun Lee, Jung Hyun Boo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Profiling proteins related to amyloid deposited brain of Tg2576 mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteomics (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/pmic.200400961"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200400961"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15378736"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15378736"}]}]}]}
Proteins CAN12_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 147968
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View CAPN12's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View CAPN12's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View CAPN12's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

CAPN12 has 3,173 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 92 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CAPN12 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles cell lines with fitness changed by CAPN12 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with CAPN12 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CAPN12 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of CAPN12 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of CAPN12 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing CAPN12 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with CAPN12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with CAPN12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with CAPN12 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with CAPN12 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by CAPN12 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with CAPN12 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with CAPN12 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with CAPN12 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with CAPN12 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CAPN12 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CAPN12 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of CAPN12 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CAPN12 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CAPN12 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing CAPN12 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by CAPN12 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx eQTL 2025 SNPs regulating expression of CAPN12 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 phenotypes associated with CAPN12 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations diseases associated with CAPN12 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with CAPN12 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes interacting metabolites for CAPN12 protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset.
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes phenotypes of mice caused by CAPN12 gene knockout from the IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for CAPN12 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with CAPN12 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain CAPN12 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by CAPN12 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles drug perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset.
NURSA Protein Complexes protein complexs containing CAPN12 protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset.
PANTHER Pathways pathways involving CAPN12 protein from the PANTHER Pathways dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for CAPN12 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving CAPN12 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CAPN12 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of CAPN12 gene from the Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations cell types with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of CAPN12 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of CAPN12 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of CAPN12 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of CAPN12 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of CAPN12 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of CAPN12 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with CAPN12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with CAPN12 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.