{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCalcyphosine (CAPS) has been implicated in malignant progression as evidenced by its overexpression in endometrial cancer, where stronger immunoreactivity correlates with poor differentiation and reduced patient survival, suggesting that CAPS may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in this tumor type."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nStructural and biochemical analyses have classified CAPS as a Ca²⁺‐binding protein harboring paired EF‐hand motifs. Its crystal structure, resolved in Ca²⁺‐loaded form, reveals a topology similar to calmodulin yet with distinctive features such as differences in both the N‐ and C‐terminal domains and unique hydrophobic pockets that likely mediate ligand binding. In addition, recombinant human CAPS has been successfully expressed and crystallized, confirming its structural attributes and monomeric state under varying Ca²⁺ conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nA potential role for CAPS in reproductive biology is suggested by the discovery of a rare homozygous frameshift mutation in a family affected by recurrent pregnancy loss. This mutation may disrupt the regulation of Ca²⁺ transport and interfere with crosstalk between Ca²⁺ and cAMP–protein kinase A signaling pathways that are critical for embryo implantation and early pregnancy maintenance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\nIn gliomas, CAPS overexpression has been found to promote cell proliferation by favoring the G2/M phase transition via modulation of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) phosphorylation through its interaction with MYPT1. The resulting enhancement of glioma cell growth and the association with poor patient survival underscore its potential as both a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target, especially when considering strategies that combine PLK1 inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutic agents."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhengyu Li, Canhua Huang, Shujun Bai, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prognostic evaluation of epidermal fatty acid-binding protein and calcyphosine, two proteins implicated in endometrial cancer using a proteomic approach."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Cancer (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/ijc.23808"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23808"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18729184"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18729184"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hui Dong, Xin Li, Zhiyong Lou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Crystal-structure and biochemical characterization of recombinant human calcyphosine delineates a novel EF-hand-containing protein family."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jmb.2008.08.048"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.08.048"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18775726"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18775726"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hui Dong, Zhiyong Lou, Xiaoling Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of recombinant human calcyphosine."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein Pept Lett (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2174/092986609787601624"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2174/092986609787601624"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19275752"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19275752"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hong Pan, Huifen Xiang, Jing Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CAPS Mutations Are Potentially Associated with Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Pathol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.09.010"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.09.010"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30339840"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30339840"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zheng Zhu, Jiao Wang, Juan Tan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Calcyphosine promotes the proliferation of glioma cells and serves as a potential therapeutic target."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Pathol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/path.5776"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/path.5776"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34370292"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34370292"}]}]}]}