CBR1 Gene

HGNC Family	Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily (SDR)
Name	carbonyl reductase 1
Description	The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family, which function as NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases having wide specificity for carbonyl compounds, such as quinones, prostaglandins, and various xenobiotics. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) is an NADPH‐dependent short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase that plays a central role in the metabolism of numerous endogenous and xenobiotic carbonyl compounds. It catalyzes the reduction of electrophilic substrates—including quinones, prostaglandins, and anticancer anthracyclines such as doxorubicin and daunorubicin—thereby generating their corresponding alcohol metabolites. This transformation is critical, as it modulates drug efficacy and may lead to the formation of cardiotoxic metabolites in cancer chemotherapy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its role in drug metabolism, CBR1 contributes significantly to cellular defense by detoxifying reactive carbonyl species, thus reducing oxidative stress and protecting vulnerable cells—such as neurons—from oxidative injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Structural features of CBR1, including its glutathione‐binding site that enhances affinity for GSH-conjugated substrates, further refine its substrate specificity and activity. Genetic polymorphisms have been shown to affect its catalytic efficiency, contributing to interindividual variability in drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of CBR1—using agents such as curcumin—has been demonstrated to reduce its activity. This inhibition holds therapeutic potential by mitigating the production of cardiotoxic metabolites during anthracycline therapy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings underscore the multifunctional role of CBR1 in xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress regulation, and drug-induced toxicity, marking it as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in diverse pathological contexts.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Javier G Blanco, Can-Lan Sun, Wendy Landier, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy after childhood cancer: role of polymorphisms in carbonyl reductase genes--a report from the Children's Oncology Group."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Oncol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1200/JCO.2011.34.8987"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.34.8987"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22124095"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22124095"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vanessa Gonzalez-Covarrubias, Debashis Ghosh, Sukhwinder S Lakhman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A functional genetic polymorphism on human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1 V88I) impacts on catalytic activity and NADPH binding affinity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Drug Metab Dispos (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1124/dmd.107.014779"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.107.014779"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17344335"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17344335"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Raynard L Bateman, Daniel Rauh, Brandon Tavshanjian, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human carbonyl reductase 1 is an S-nitrosoglutathione reductase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M807125200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M807125200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18826943"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18826943"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Young Nam Kim, Hyo Young Jung, Won Sik Eum, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroprotective effects of PEP-1-carbonyl reductase 1 against oxidative-stress-induced ischemic neuronal cell damage."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Free Radic Biol Med (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.01.006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.01.006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24440593"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24440593"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jan Hintzpeter, Jan Hornung, Bettina Ebert, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curcumin is a tight-binding inhibitor of the most efficient human daunorubicin reductase--Carbonyl reductase 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chem Biol Interact (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.019"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.019"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25541467"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25541467"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	SDR21C1, CBR, HCBR1
Proteins	CBR1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	873
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CBR1 has 7,331 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 113 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CBR1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CBR1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by CBR1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CBR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with CBR1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with CBR1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CBR1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CBR1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CBR1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CBR1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CBR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CBR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CBR1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CBR1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of CBR1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CBR1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with CBR1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CBR1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CBR1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with CBR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for CBR1 protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CBR1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CBR1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CBR1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with CBR1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.