CBR4 Gene

HGNC Family	Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily (SDR)
Name	carbonyl reductase 4
Description	Enables several functions, including 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) activity; NADPH binding activity; and NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity. Involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process; glycoside metabolic process; and protein tetramerization. Located in mitochondrial matrix. Part of oxidoreductase complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n CBR4 is a member of the short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase family with unique roles in both detoxification and mitochondrial metabolism. In studies using recombinant human protein, CBR4 was shown to form a tetramer composed of ~25‐kDa subunits and to exhibit NADPH‐dependent reductase activity that is selective for o‐ and p‐quinones rather than for other aldehydes and ketones. This quinone reduction leads to redox cycling and the generation of superoxide, which may contribute to apoptosis when cells are challenged with cytotoxic quinones."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In another context, CBR4 functions as the β‐subunit of the human mitochondrial 3‐ketoacyl‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase (HsKAR) complex, where its NADPH‐dependent activity is essential for reducing 3-oxoacyl-ACP intermediates during mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Its proper catalytic function, together with the α‐subunit HSD17B8, is crucial for the formation of a competent enzyme complex and for sustaining mitochondrial lipid metabolism."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n More broadly, reviews of the human carbonyl reductase family highlight that, in addition to its substrate specificity, CBR4 along with CBR1 and CBR3 plays a role in the metabolism of both endogenous and xenobiotic carbonyl compounds, thereby contributing to cellular defense against toxicants and influencing metabolic processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, differential expression of CBR4 has been observed as part of a gene signature in glioblastoma patients treated with regorafenib, suggesting that its expression may serve as a biomarker with prognostic or therapeutic relevance in certain cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these findings indicate that CBR4 not only contributes to the detoxification of specific quinone substrates via NADPH-dependent reduction but also plays an integral role in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, underscoring its importance in both cellular redox homeostasis and energy metabolism.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Satoshi Endo, Toshiyuki Matsunaga, Yukio Kitade, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human carbonyl reductase 4 is a mitochondrial NADPH-dependent quinone reductase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19000905"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19000905"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rajaram Venkatesan, Shiv K Sah-Teli, Luqman O Awoniyi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Insights into mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis from the structure of heterotetrameric 3-ketoacyl-ACP reductase/3R-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms5805"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5805"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25203508"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25203508"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Petra Malátková, Edmund Maser, Vladimír Wsól "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human carbonyl reductases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Drug Metab (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2174/138920010794233530"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2174/138920010794233530"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20942781"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20942781"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alessandra Santangelo, Marzia Rossato, Giuseppe Lombardi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A molecular signature associated with prolonged survival in glioblastoma patients treated with regorafenib."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuro Oncol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/neuonc/noaa156"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa156"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32661549"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32661549"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	SDR45C1
Proteins	CBR4_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	84869
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CBR4 has 5,982 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 114 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CBR4 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CBR4 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CBR4 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CBR4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with CBR4 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with CBR4 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CBR4 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CBR4 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CBR4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CBR4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CBR4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CBR4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CBR4 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CBR4 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR4 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with CBR4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of CBR4 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CBR4 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with CBR4 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CBR4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CBR4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CBR4 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CBR4 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CBR4 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CBR4 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CBR4 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CBR4 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with CBR4 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CBR4 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.