CDK19 Gene

HGNC Family	Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)
Name	cyclin-dependent kinase 19
Description	This gene encodes a protein that is one of the components of the Mediator co-activator complex. The Mediator complex is a multi-protein complex required for transcriptional activation by DNA binding transcription factors of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The protein encoded by this gene is similar to cyclin-dependent kinase 8 which can also be a component of the Mediator complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Cyclin‐dependent kinase 19 (CDK19) is a Mediator‐associated kinase that plays multifaceted roles in transcriptional regulation and cellular stress responses. In some cancer cells, CDK19 forms part of complexes that promote RNA polymerase II serine‑2 phosphorylation through interactions with regulatory proteins such as CYCLINL1 and m6A‐modified long noncoding RNA NEAT1‑1, thereby facilitating transcriptional elongation of key oncogenic targets involved in processes like bone metastatic prostate cancer ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In contrast to its paralog CDK8, CDK19 can act in a context‑specific manner by counteracting viral activator–dependent transcription, reflecting complex and sometimes opposing roles in gene regulation ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In stress response settings, particularly in p53‑mediated pathways, studies in osteosarcoma cells have shown that CDK19 is required for re‑establishing proliferative capacity after genotoxic challenge—an effect that appears to be independent of its kinase activity and contributes to resistance against agents such as nutlin‑3 ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Moreover, in breast cancer, CDK19 expression is modulated via a long noncoding RNA/miRNA axis (CASC2/miR‑18a‑5p) that promotes paclitaxel resistance, underscoring its role in chemoresistance ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Finally, genetic studies have implicated mutations in CDK19 in neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting that proper CDK19 function is essential for normal development, while additional work indicates that CDK19 (together with CDK8) can modulate inflammatory responses by repressing IL‑10 production ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Collectively, these findings highlight CDK19 as a critical regulator of transcriptional elongation, stress response signaling, chemoresistance, and development.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Simeng Wen, Yulei Wei, Chong Zen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes bone metastasis of prostate cancer through N6-methyladenosine."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12943-020-01293-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-020-01293-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33308223"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308223"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Taiki Tsutsui, Rikiya Fukasawa, Aki Tanaka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of target genes for the CDK subunits of the Mediator complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Cells (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1365-2443.2011.01565.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2443.2011.01565.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22117896"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22117896"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K Audrey Audetat, Matthew D Galbraith, Aaron T Odell, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Kinase-Independent Role for Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 19 in p53 Response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.00626-16"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00626-16"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28416637"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28416637"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pengfei Zheng, Liangpeng Dong, Bin Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long noncoding RNA CASC2 promotes paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer through regulation of miR-18a-5p/CDK19."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Histochem Cell Biol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00418-019-01794-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-019-01794-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31352515"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31352515"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hyung-Lok Chung, Xiao Mao, Hua Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "De Novo Variants in CDK19 Are Associated with a Syndrome Involving Intellectual Disability and Epileptic Encephalopathy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Hum Genet (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.04.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.04.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32330417"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32330417"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liv Johannessen, Thomas B Sundberg, Daniel J O'Connell, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Small-molecule studies identify CDK8 as a regulator of IL-10 in myeloid cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Chem Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nchembio.2458"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2458"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28805801"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28805801"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	CDC2L6, BA346C16.3
Proteins	CDK19_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	23097
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CDK19 has 10,112 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 119 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CDK19 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CDK19 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by CDK19 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CDK19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CDK19 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CDK19 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with CDK19 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CDK19 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CDK19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CDK19 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with CDK19 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing CDK19 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CDK19 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CDK19 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CDK19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CDK19 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CDK19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CDK19 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing CDK19 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CDK19 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CDK19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CDK19 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of CDK19 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CDK19 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving CDK19 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CDK19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CDK19 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CDK19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with CDK19 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CDK19 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CDK19 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CDK19 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CDK19 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.