CHGB Gene

HGNC Family	Granins (SCG)
Name	chromogranin B
Description	This gene encodes a tyrosine-sulfated secretory protein abundant in peptidergic endocrine cells and neurons. This protein may serve as a precursor for regulatory peptides. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Chromogranin B (CHGB) is a multifunctional acidic glycoprotein that plays central roles in neuroendocrine and secretory cell function. It is critical for the biogenesis and regulated secretion of dense‐core granules, being more effective than its paralog chromogranin A in inducing granule formation in non‐neuroendocrine cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In neuroendocrine contexts, CHGB is up‐regulated by pathways such as RAGE signaling during neuronal differentiation, thereby contributing to secretory vesicle maturation and hormone release."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, CHGB is involved in the processing and storage of neuropeptides and hormones—as observed in pancreatic islets and cardiac secretory granules—ensuring proper release of factors like insulin and catecholamines"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Transcriptional regulation studies have also localized CHGB to the nucleus, where it modulates gene expression, highlighting an additional layer to its functional repertoire."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition, CHGB can interact with oxidatively modified proteins—such as wild‐type superoxide dismutase (SOD1) after H₂O₂ exposure—implying a role in stress‐induced neurodegeneration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Genetic studies further indicate that sequence variants in the CHGB gene (for example, the P413L variant) lead to defective sorting of CHGB into secretory granules and are associated with an increased and earlier risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while proteomic analyses point to downregulation of CHGB upon TDP-43 loss, linking it to disrupted RNA metabolism and intracellular transport in neurodegenerative conditions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these findings underscore CHGB’s central functions in secretory granule formation, hormone and neuropeptide processing, and the maintenance of neuroendocrine cell identity, as well as its emerging involvement in neurodegeneration.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yang Hoon Huh, Soung Hoo Jeon, Seung Hyun Yoo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chromogranin B-induced secretory granule biogenesis: comparison with the similar role of chromogranin A."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M304942200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M304942200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12902350"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12902350"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Henri J Huttunen, Juha Kuja-Panula, Heikki Rauvala "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling induces CREB-dependent chromogranin expression during neuronal differentiation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M202515200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M202515200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12167613"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12167613"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samira Fargali, Angelo L Garcia, Masato Sadahiro, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The granin VGF promotes genesis of secretory vesicles, and regulates circulating catecholamine levels and blood pressure."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FASEB J (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1096/fj.13-239509"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.13-239509"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24497580"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24497580"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jésica Díaz-Vera, Yézer G Morales, Juan R Hernández-Fernaud, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chromogranin B gene ablation reduces the catecholamine cargo and decelerates exocytosis in chromaffin secretory vesicles."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2894-09.2010"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2894-09.2010"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20089903"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20089903"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seung Hyun Yoo, Soon Hee You, Moon Kyung Kang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Localization of the secretory granule marker protein chromogranin B in the nucleus. Potential role in transcription control."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M105594200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M105594200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11854265"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11854265"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samer Abou Ezzi, Makoto Urushitani, Jean-Pierre Julien "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wild-type superoxide dismutase acquires binding and toxic properties of ALS-linked mutant forms through oxidation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurochem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04531.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04531.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17394546"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17394546"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Francois Gros-Louis, Peter M Andersen, Nicolas Dupre, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chromogranin B P413L variant as risk factor and modifier of disease onset for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0902174106"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902174106"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20007371"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20007371"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M Štalekar, X Yin, K Rebolj, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteomic analyses reveal that loss of TDP-43 affects RNA processing and intracellular transport."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuroscience (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.046"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.046"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25743254"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25743254"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	SCG1
Proteins	SCG1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	1114
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CHGB has 9,194 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 114 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CHGB from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CHGB Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CHGB gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CHGB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with CHGB gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CHGB gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CHGB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CHGB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of CHGB gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CHGB gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CHGB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CHGB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CHGB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CHGB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CHGB gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CHGB gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CHGB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CHGB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CHGB gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving CHGB gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with CHGB gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CHGB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CHGB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CHGB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with CHGB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CHGB gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CHGB gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CHGB gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CHGB from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CHGB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CHGB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CHGB gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.