CTHRC1 Gene

Name	collagen triple helix repeat containing 1
Description	This locus encodes a protein that may play a role in the cellular response to arterial injury through involvement in vascular remodeling. Mutations at this locus have been associated with Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collagen triple helix repeat–containing 1 (CTHRC1) is a secreted glycoprotein that exhibits multifaceted roles in both normal tissue remodeling and diverse pathological conditions. In response to tissue injury, CTHRC1 is transiently expressed by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells where it limits collagen deposition and promotes cell migration during vascular and cardiac repair."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the bone microenvironment, CTHRC1 functions as an osteoclast‐derived coupling factor that stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation, thereby helping to maintain skeletal mass."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Mechanistically, CTHRC1 selectively activates the noncanonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway by stabilizing the interactions between Wnt ligands and their receptors; this facilitates cytoskeletal reorganization and enhances cell motility."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, aberrant upregulation of CTHRC1 is widely observed across a range of solid tumors—including melanoma, hepatocellular, gastric, colorectal, and ovarian cancers—and is closely associated with enhanced cell proliferation, induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion, and metastasis. In these oncogenic settings, CTHRC1 modulates several signaling cascades (for example, MAPK/ERK, integrin-mediated focal adhesion, and TGF-β pathways) and upregulates matrix metalloproteinases that contribute to extracellular matrix remodeling and metastatic dissemination."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings underscore the multifunctional nature of CTHRC1 as a critical regulator of extracellular matrix dynamics and cell motility in development, tissue repair, bone remodeling, and cancer progression. Its diverse roles make CTHRC1 a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peter Pyagay, Mélanie Heroult, Qiaozeng Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1, a novel secreted protein in injured and diseased arteries, inhibits collagen expression and promotes cell migration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circ Res (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1161/01.RES.0000154262.07264.12"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.0000154262.07264.12"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15618538"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15618538"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tahir Durmus, Renée J LeClair, Kyoung-Sook Park, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression analysis of the novel gene collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (Cthrc1)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene Expr Patterns (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.modgep.2006.03.008"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.modgep.2006.03.008"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16678498"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16678498"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sunao Takeshita, Toshio Fumoto, Kazuhiko Matsuoka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Osteoclast-secreted CTHRC1 in the coupling of bone resorption to formation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI69493"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI69493"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23908115"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23908115"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hiroaki Kimura, Kin Ming Kwan, Zhaoping Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cthrc1 is a positive regulator of osteoblastic bone formation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0003174"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003174"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18779865"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18779865"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shinji Yamamoto, Osamu Nishimura, Kazuyo Misaki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cthrc1 selectively activates the planar cell polarity pathway of Wnt signaling by stabilizing the Wnt-receptor complex."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dev Cell (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.devcel.2008.05.007"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2008.05.007"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18606138"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18606138"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liren Tang, Derek L Dai, Mingwan Su, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aberrant expression of collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 in human solid cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Cancer Res (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16778098"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16778098"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yu-Ling Chen, Ting-Huang Wang, Hey-Chi Hsu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Overexpression of CTHRC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes tumor invasion and predicts poor prognosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0070324"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070324"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23922981"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23922981"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ping Wang, Ying-Chao Wang, Xiao-Yu Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CTHRC1 is upregulated by promoter demethylation and transforming growth factor-β1 and may be associated with metastasis in human gastric cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Sci (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02292.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02292.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22590977"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22590977"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hee Cheol Kim, Yong Sung Kim, Hyun-Woo Oh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) acts via ERK-dependent induction of MMP9 to promote invasion of colorectal cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.1714"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1714"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24504172"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24504172"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Minzhi Hou, Zhiqiang Cheng, Hongwei Shen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High expression of CTHRC1 promotes EMT of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and is associated with poor prognosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.5358"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5358"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26452130"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26452130"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xue-Li Zhang, Li-Peng Hu, Qin Yang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CTHRC1 promotes liver metastasis by reshaping infiltrated macrophages through physical interactions with TGF-β receptors in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41388-021-01827-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-021-01827-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33986509"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33986509"}]}]}]}
Proteins	CTHR1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	115908
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CTHRC1 has 5,664 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 108 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CTHRC1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CTHRC1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CTHRC1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CTHRC1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with CTHRC1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with CTHRC1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CTHRC1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CTHRC1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CTHRC1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of CTHRC1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CTHRC1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CTHRC1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CTHRC1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CTHRC1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CTHRC1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CTHRC1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CTHRC1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CTHRC1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with CTHRC1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of CTHRC1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CTHRC1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CTHRC1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CTHRC1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CTHRC1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with CTHRC1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CTHRC1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CTHRC1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CTHRC1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CTHRC1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CTHRC1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CTHRC1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with CTHRC1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing CTHRC1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of CTHRC1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of CTHRC1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.