DACH1 Gene

Name	dachshund family transcription factor 1
Description	This gene encodes a chromatin-associated protein that associates with other DNA-binding transcription factors to regulate gene expression and cell fate determination during development. The protein contains a Ski domain that is highly conserved from Drosophila to human. Expression of this gene is lost in some forms of metastatic cancer, and is correlated with poor prognosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n DACH1, the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "dachshund"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " gene, functions as a critical regulator in both development and tumor suppression. During embryogenesis, DACH1 is a key component of the Pax–Eya–Six network that governs organogenesis, with its expression overlapping that of Pax6 in the developing eye and Pax2 in the inner ear—suggesting a conserved role in neural and sensory development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, genetic studies have implicated DACH1 within susceptibility loci for renal disease, consistent with a role in nephrogenesis and kidney function"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the context of cancer, DACH1 acts predominantly as a tumor suppressor by modulating several oncogenic signaling pathways. In breast cancer, for instance, diminished DACH1 expression is associated with enhanced proliferation and invasion; mechanistically, DACH1 represses transforming growth factor–β (TGF‑β)–induced AP‑1/Smad signaling and inhibits IL‑8 expression via binding to corepressor complexes, thereby restraining cell migration and metastasis"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In prostate cancer, DACH1 suppresses androgen receptor activity through recruitment of histone deacetylases and corepressors, leading to reduced cellular proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, in colorectal cancer, epigenetic silencing of DACH1 via promoter hypermethylation results in aberrant Wnt signaling and chemoresistance, underscoring its prognostic significance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similar tumor‐suppressive roles are evident in pancreatic and renal cancers, where loss of DACH1 leads to unchecked cyclin D1 expression and enhanced cell cycle progression"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition, DACH1 is occasionally disrupted by chromosomal rearrangements—as seen in certain PAX5 fusion events in acute lymphoblastic leukemia—which further perturbs normal transcriptional control in hematopoietic cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Genome‐wide binding analyses indicate that DACH1 can directly antagonize FOXM1‐dependent transcription, thereby modulating gene clusters involved in cell cycle regulation and growth factor signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies delineate DACH1 as a pivotal modulator that integrates developmental signals with cell cycle and growth factor pathways to maintain tissue homeostasis and inhibit tumor progression.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tiffany A Heanue, Richard J Davis, David H Rowitch, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dach1, a vertebrate homologue of Drosophila dachshund, is expressed in the developing eye and ear of both chick and mouse and is regulated independently of Pax and Eya genes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mech Dev (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00611-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4773(01"}, {"type": "t", "text": "00611-6) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11804780"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11804780"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anna Köttgen, Cristian Pattaro, Carsten A Böger, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "New loci associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Genet (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ng.568"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.568"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20383146"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20383146"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xue Li, Kenneth A Oghi, Jie Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eya protein phosphatase activity regulates Six1-Dach-Eya transcriptional effects in mammalian organogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature02083"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02083"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14628042"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14628042"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kongming Wu, Ying Yang, Chenguang Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DACH1 inhibits transforming growth factor-beta signaling through binding Smad4."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M310021200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M310021200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14525983"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14525983"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kongming Wu, Anping Li, Mahadev Rao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DACH1 is a cell fate determination factor that inhibits cyclin D1 and breast tumor growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.00268-06"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00268-06"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16980615"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16980615"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kongming Wu, Sanjay Katiyar, Anping Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dachshund inhibits oncogene-induced breast cancer cellular migration and invasion through suppression of interleukin-8."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0802085105"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802085105"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18467491"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18467491"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kongming Wu, Sanjay Katiyar, Agnes Witkiewicz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The cell fate determination factor dachshund inhibits androgen receptor signaling and prostate cancer cellular growth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3821"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3821"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19351840"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19351840"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wenji Yan, Kongming Wu, James G Herman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epigenetic regulation of DACH1, a novel Wnt signaling component in colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epigenetics (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4161/epi.26781"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4161/epi.26781"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24149323"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24149323"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jing Zhang, Chen-Yan Zhao, Shu-Hui Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Upregulation of miR-194 contributes to tumor growth and progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2013.2960"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2960"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24398877"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24398877"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qian Chu, Na Han, Xun Yuan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DACH1 inhibits cyclin D1 expression, cellular proliferation and tumor growth of renal cancer cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Hematol Oncol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s13045-014-0073-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-014-0073-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25322986"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25322986"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "K Nebral, D Denk, A Attarbaschi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Incidence and diversity of PAX5 fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Leukemia (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/leu.2008.306"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2008.306"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19020546"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19020546"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jie Zhou, Chenguang Wang, Zhibin Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Attenuation of Forkhead signaling by the retinal determination factor DACH1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1002746107"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1002746107"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20351289"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20351289"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	DACH
Proteins	DACH1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	1602
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

DACH1 has 8,614 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 113 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for DACH1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

DACH1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DACH1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DACH1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DACH1 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with DACH1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with DACH1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DACH1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DACH1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of DACH1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DACH1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing DACH1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing DACH1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with DACH1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with DACH1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DACH1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DACH1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DACH1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by DACH1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with DACH1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with DACH1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at DACH1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DACH1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DACH1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing DACH1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DACH1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DACH1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.