DCLK1 Gene

Name	doublecortin-like kinase 1
Description	This gene encodes a member of the protein kinase superfamily and the doublecortin family. The protein encoded by this gene contains two N-terminal doublecortin domains, which bind microtubules and regulate microtubule polymerization, a C-terminal serine/threonine protein kinase domain, which shows substantial homology to Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and a serine/proline-rich domain in between the doublecortin and the protein kinase domains, which mediates multiple protein-protein interactions. The microtubule-polymerizing activity of the encoded protein is independent of its protein kinase activity. The encoded protein is involved in several different cellular processes, including neuronal migration, retrograde transport, neuronal apoptosis and neurogenesis. This gene is up-regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor and associated with memory and general cognitive abilities. Multiple transcript variants generated by two alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing have been reported, but the full-length nature and biological validity of some variants have not been defined. These variants encode different isoforms, which are differentially expressed and have different kinase activities.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Doublecortin‐like kinase 1 (DCLK1) has emerged as a multifunctional protein with critical roles in both normal tissue biology and cancer. In the gastrointestinal tract, DCLK1 is expressed in specialized tuft cells—once thought to represent quiescent stem cells—but current evidence demonstrates that these DCLK1‐positive cells instead mark a unique population of tumor stem cells in colorectal and pancreatic neoplasms."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In these contexts, DCLK1‐expressing cells exhibit cancer stem cell properties such as self‐renewal and continuous production of tumor progeny; indeed, selective ablation of DCLK1‐positive cells results in pronounced tumor regression without significant disruption of normal intestinal architecture."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, in pancreatic cancer, DCLK1 identifies a morphologically distinct, cancer‐initiating cell population that shares features with gastrointestinal tuft cells and regulates key oncogenic signaling pathways, including those involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, via modulation of tumor‐suppressor microRNAs."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Beyond its critical role in tumorigenesis, DCLK1 is a member of the doublecortin family; in the nervous system, its function in microtubule stabilization, regulation of axon outgrowth, and neuronal migration becomes apparent especially when combined deficiencies with related proteins produce severe neurodevelopmental defects."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, pharmacologic interventions that target DCLK1 have shown efficacy in suppressing pro-survival pathways in preclinical cancer models, underscoring its potential as a master regulator of tumor cell pluripotency and a promising therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings reveal that DCLK1 plays a dual role by contributing to the regulation of normal cellular processes in neural tissues while, when aberrantly expressed, sustaining cancer stem cell phenotypes that drive tumorigenesis.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuki Nakanishi, Hiroshi Seno, Ayumi Fukuoka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dclk1 distinguishes between tumor and normal stem cells in the intestine."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Genet (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ng.2481"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2481"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23202126"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23202126"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "François Gerbe, Johan H van Es, Leila Makrini, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distinct ATOH1 and Neurog3 requirements define tuft cells as a new secretory cell type in the intestinal epithelium."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.201010127"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201010127"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21383077"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21383077"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jennifer M Bailey, Janivette Alsina, Zeshaan A Rasheed, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DCLK1 marks a morphologically distinct subpopulation of cells with stem cell properties in preinvasive pancreatic cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gastroenterology (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1053/j.gastro.2013.09.050"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2013.09.050"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24096005"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24096005"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sripathi M Sureban, Randal May, Stan A Lightfoot, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DCAMKL-1 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human pancreatic cells through a miR-200a-dependent mechanism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2738"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2738"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21285251"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21285251"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carla Kantara, Malaney O'Connell, Shubhashish Sarkar, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curcumin promotes autophagic survival of a subset of colon cancer stem cells, which are ablated by DCLK1-siRNA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-3536"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-3536"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24626093"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24626093"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sripathi M Sureban, Randal May, Dongfeng Qu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DCLK1 regulates pluripotency and angiogenic factors via microRNA-dependent mechanisms in pancreatic cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0073940"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073940"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24040120"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24040120"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas A S Deuel, Judy S Liu, Joseph C Corbo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genetic interactions between doublecortin and doublecortin-like kinase in neuronal migration and axon outgrowth."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuron (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.038"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.038"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16387638"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16387638"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sripathi M Sureban, Randal May, Nathaniel Weygant, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "XMD8-92 inhibits pancreatic tumor xenograft growth via a DCLK1-dependent mechanism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Lett (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24880079"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24880079"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Parthasarathy Chandrakesan, Jiannan Yao, Dongfeng Qu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dclk1, a tumor stem cell marker, regulates pro-survival signaling and self-renewal of intestinal tumor cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12943-017-0594-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-017-0594-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28148261"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28148261"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	CL1, DCLK, DCAMKL1, DCDC3A, CLICK1
Proteins	DCLK1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	9201
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

DCLK1 has 8,739 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 125 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for DCLK1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

DCLK1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DCLK1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DCLK1 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with DCLK1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with DCLK1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DCLK1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DCLK1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of DCLK1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DCLK1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing DCLK1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with DCLK1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with DCLK1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DCLK1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DCLK1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with DCLK1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by DCLK1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with DCLK1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with DCLK1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at DCLK1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DCLK1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DCLK1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing DCLK1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DCLK1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.