{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n DHX15 is a multifunctional DEAH‐box RNA helicase that plays critical roles at the intersection of RNA metabolism and innate immune responses. On one hand, DHX15 functions as a sensor and signaling cofactor in antiviral immunity. It associates with pattern‐recognition receptors such as NLRP6 and RIG‐I to bind viral double‐stranded RNA, thereby promoting the activation of signaling cascades that lead to NF‐κB, MAPK, and interferon responses as well as inflammasome assembly and cytokine (eg, IL‐18) maturation (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " On the other hand, structural and biochemical studies have revealed that DHX15’s catalytic activity—its ability to bind RNA, hydrolyze ATP, and remodel RNA–protein complexes—is modulated by interactions with G‐patch activators such as NKRF and binding partners like RBM5; these interactions stabilize its conformation and enhance its helicase activity in processes including pre–messenger RNA splicing and pre–ribosomal RNA processing (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, recurrent mutations in DHX15 have been documented in core‐binding factor acute myeloid leukemia, suggesting that aberrations in its function can contribute to hematologic malignancies (see"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while in glioma, reduced expression and loss of key RNA‐binding motifs have been associated with increased cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, indicating a tumor–suppressive role (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Penghua Wang, Shu Zhu, Long Yang, et al. 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