{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Research on the dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 (DNAH10) gene has uncovered multiple, context‐dependent roles. DNAH10 encodes an inner‐arm dynein heavy chain protein that is essential for the assembly and function of motile cilia and flagella. In cellular models of adipose tissue, genetic and experimental studies have implicated DNAH10 as one among several novel regulators of adipocyte differentiation, suggesting that aberrations in its function may contribute to insulin resistance and altered fat distribution."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Consistent with a role in lipid regulation, rare coding variants in DNAH10 have been found to segregate with elevated high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDLc)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the reproductive system, multiple exome sequencing studies on patients with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) have demonstrated that deleterious bi-allelic DNAH10 variants disrupt the formation of inner dynein arms, leading to severe flagellar defects and consequent male infertility."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, disruption of DNAH10 in zebrafish has been shown to impair the beat frequency of ependymal monocilia, which in turn destabilizes the Reissner fiber and contributes to the development of scoliosis, highlighting its critical function in ciliary motility and axial patterning."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its roles in normal physiology, DNAH10 appears to have clinical relevance in oncology and neurology. Somatic mutations in DNAH10 have been associated with cisplatin resistance and poorer survival outcomes in small-cell lung cancer as well as with adverse prognostic profiles in pancreatic carcinoma, suggesting that DNAH10 status may serve as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapeutic response."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, a haplotype containing variants in DNAH10 has been linked to inherited neuropathy, further broadening the spectrum of diseases in which DNAH10 is implicated."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, DNAH10 plays a multifaceted role in human biology. It is integral to the formation and function of motile cilia and flagella—processes critical for sperm motility and proper axial development—as well as being involved in metabolic regulation and potentially influencing cellular responses to chemotherapy. These diverse roles highlight DNAH10 as a molecule of interest both for understanding fundamental cellular mechanisms and for its emerging relevance as a biomarker in various human diseases.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Luca A Lotta, Pawan Gulati, Felix R Day, et al. 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