E2F2 Gene

Name	E2F transcription factor 2
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the E2F family of transcription factors. The E2F family plays a crucial role in the control of cell cycle and action of tumor suppressor proteins and is also a target of the transforming proteins of small DNA tumor viruses. The E2F proteins contain several evolutionally conserved domains found in most members of the family. These domains include a DNA binding domain, a dimerization domain which determines interaction with the differentiation regulated transcription factor proteins (DP), a transactivation domain enriched in acidic amino acids, and a tumor suppressor protein association domain which is embedded within the transactivation domain. This protein and another 2 members, E2F1 and E2F3, have an additional cyclin binding domain. This protein binds specifically to retinoblastoma protein pRB in a cell-cycle dependent manner, and it exhibits overall 46% amino acid identity to E2F1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n E2F2 is a critical member of the “activator” E2F family that promotes cell cycle progression by driving the transcription of genes required for DNA replication and S‐phase entry. In studies where E2F1–3 were concomitantly ablated, loss of these factors led to impaired expression of E2F target genes, accumulation of the Cdk inhibitor p21^Cip1, and a failure to enter S phase, underscoring the essential pro‐proliferative roles of these transcription factors, including E2F2."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n E2F2 expression is finely tuned by microRNAs. One study demonstrated that miR-24 directly represses E2F2, thereby inhibiting cell cycle progression; notably, antagonism of miR-24 or expression of a miR-24–insensitive E2F2 rescues cell proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In parallel, miR-20a—a member of the miR-17-92 cluster—modulates the translation of both E2F2 and E2F3 via binding to their 3′-UTRs, while E2F factors themselves directly activate transcription of the mir-17-92 cluster; this feedback loop emphasizes how E2F2 levels are controlled to maintain a balance between proliferation and apoptosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In developmental contexts, E2F2 is induced by oncogenic drivers such as N-myc in granule cell precursors, thereby mediating Sonic hedgehog–driven proliferation and contributing to brain tumorigenesis when dysregulated."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, in glioma progression, upregulation of cell cycle transitions mediated by E2F2 (in concert with FOXM1) has been implicated in oncogenic clonal expansion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In another regulatory layer, E2F2 interacts with specific cofactors to activate replication-associated genes. For instance, its physical association with RYBP and YY1 at the Cdc6 promoter illustrates how E2F2 helps integrate signals to promote DNA replication and cell cycle entry."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Likewise, in certain cancer contexts such as prostate cancer, deregulation of miR-31 contributes to enhanced proliferation through loss of negative regulation on E2F2."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these studies highlight E2F2 as a pivotal transcriptional activator whose expression and activity are intricately modulated by microRNAs and protein partners. This tight regulation ensures proper cell cycle progression in normal development and, when disrupted, contributes to oncogenic processes across diverse tissues."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "L Wu, C Timmers, B Maiti, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The E2F1-3 transcription factors are essential for cellular proliferation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2001)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/35106593"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/35106593"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11719808"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11719808"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ashish Lal, Francisco Navarro, Christopher A Maher, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-24 Inhibits cell proliferation by targeting E2F2, MYC, and other cell-cycle genes via binding to \"seedless\" 3'UTR microRNA recognition elements."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molcel.2009.08.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2009.08.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19748357"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19748357"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yannick Sylvestre, Vincent De Guire, Emmanuelle Querido, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "An E2F/miR-20a autoregulatory feedback loop."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M608939200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M608939200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17135249"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17135249"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Trudy G Oliver, Linda L Grasfeder, Audra L Carroll, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcriptional profiling of the Sonic hedgehog response: a critical role for N-myc in proliferation of neuronal precursors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0832317100"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0832317100"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12777630"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12777630"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hanwen Bai, Akdes Serin Harmancı, E Zeynep Erson-Omay, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Integrated genomic characterization of IDH1-mutant glioma malignant progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Genet (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ng.3457"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3457"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26618343"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26618343"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Susanne Schlisio, Terri Halperin, Miguel Vidal, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interaction of YY1 with E2Fs, mediated by RYBP, provides a mechanism for specificity of E2F function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "EMBO J (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/emboj/cdf577"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/cdf577"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12411495"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12411495"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chad J Creighton, Michael D Fountain, Zhifeng Yu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular profiling uncovers a p53-associated role for microRNA-31 in inhibiting the proliferation of serous ovarian carcinomas and other cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3875"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3875"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20179198"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20179198"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	E2F-2
Proteins	E2F2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	1870
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

E2F2 has 10,068 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 123 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for E2F2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

E2F2 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of E2F2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of E2F2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with E2F2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of E2F2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of E2F2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of E2F2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of E2F2 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing E2F2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing E2F2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with E2F2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with E2F2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of E2F2 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with E2F2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with E2F2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with E2F2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of E2F2 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by E2F2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with E2F2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with E2F2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with E2F2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with E2F2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with E2F2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at E2F2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of E2F2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of E2F2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing E2F2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with E2F2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with E2F2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of E2F2 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with E2F2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing E2F2 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.