ESCO1 Gene

Name	establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 1
Description	Enables identical protein binding activity; peptide-lysine-N-acetyltransferase activity; and zinc ion binding activity. Involved in peptidyl-lysine acetylation; post-translational protein acetylation; and regulation of DNA replication. Located in chromatin. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ESCO1 is one of the two human homologs of the conserved Eco1 acetyltransferase that modifies the cohesin complex to ensure proper sister chromatid cohesion and regulate gene expression. In metazoans, ESCO1 catalyzes the acetylation of the cohesin subunit SMC3 at conserved lysine residues, a posttranslational modification that promotes stable cohesin–chromatin interactions and facilitates cohesion even outside of S phase."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Unlike its paralog ESCO2, which is tightly coupled to replication, ESCO1 can acetylate SMC3 independently of DNA synthesis and is recruited to cohesin‐bound chromatin sites throughout interphase. This recruitment relies on unique N‐terminal motifs—termed the A‐box and B‐box—that facilitate its association with cohesin complexes and are essential for linking SMC3 acetylation to transcriptional regulation at thousands of chromosomal loci."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Structural studies have revealed that the acetyltransferase domain of ESCO1 contains a zinc finger motif and a distinctive loop region that contribute to substrate binding and catalytic activity, providing a molecular framework for SMC3 modification."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " These features are critical not only for the establishment of robust sister chromatid cohesion necessary for genome stability, but also for the role of cohesin in the regulation of gene expression.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Dysregulation of ESCO1 has been implicated in human disease. For instance, over‐expression of ESCO1 is observed in bladder cancer, where increased levels correlate with higher tumor grade, advanced stage, and enhanced migration and invasion properties, suggesting that ESCO1 may serve as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings underscore the multifaceted role of ESCO1 in governing cohesin dynamics, chromosome segregation, and gene regulation, distinguishing its function—and regulation—from that of ESCO2.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jinglan Zhang, Xiaomin Shi, Yehua Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Acetylation of Smc3 by Eco1 is required for S phase sister chromatid cohesion in both human and yeast."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molcel.2008.06.006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2008.06.006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18614053"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18614053"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fajian Hou, Hui Zou "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Two human orthologues of Eco1/Ctf7 acetyltransferases are both required for proper sister-chromatid cohesion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1063"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1063"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15958495"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15958495"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Masashi Minamino, Mai Ishibashi, Ryuichiro Nakato, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Esco1 Acetylates Cohesin via a Mechanism Different from That of Esco2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Curr Biol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26051894"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26051894"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sadia Rahman, Mathew J K Jones, Prasad V Jallepalli "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cohesin recruits the Esco1 acetyltransferase genome wide to repress transcription and promote cohesion in somatic cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1505323112"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505323112"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26305936"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26305936"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yadilette Rivera-Colón, Andrew Maguire, Glen P Liszczak, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular Basis for Cohesin Acetylation by Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion N-Acetyltransferase ESCO1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.752220"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.752220"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27803161"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27803161"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shiying Zhang, Jianye Li, Gaobiao Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Increased expression of ESCO1 is correlated with poor patient survival and its role in human bladder cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13277-015-4375-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-4375-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26547586"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26547586"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	ECO1, EFO1, A930014I12RIK
Proteins	ESCO1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	114799
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

ESCO1 has 5,759 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 110 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ESCO1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

ESCO1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by ESCO1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ESCO1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of ESCO1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with ESCO1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ESCO1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ESCO1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of ESCO1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of ESCO1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing ESCO1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing ESCO1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with ESCO1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with ESCO1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of ESCO1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with ESCO1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with ESCO1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ESCO1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of ESCO1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by ESCO1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with ESCO1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with ESCO1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ESCO1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with ESCO1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ESCO1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ESCO1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of ESCO1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ESCO1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with ESCO1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with ESCO1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ESCO1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of ESCO1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of ESCO1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations	kinase perturbations changing expression of ESCO1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of ESCO1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.