FASTK Gene

Name	Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. This kinase was shown to be activated rapidly during Fas-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells. In response to Fas receptor ligation, it phosphorylates TIA1, an apoptosis-promoting nuclear RNA-binding protein. The encoded protein is a strong inducer of lymphocyte apoptosis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants exist, but their full-length natures have not yet been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n The FASTK family of proteins (including FASTK and its homologs FASTKD1–5) functions as a set of multifunctional RNA‐binding regulators that play central roles in the post‐transcriptional control of mitochondrial gene expression. Several studies have shown that these proteins are critical for the precise processing, maturation, stability, and translation of key mitochondrial transcripts – notably those encoding subunits of respiratory complex I such as ND6. For example, a translational variant of FASTK localizes to mitochondrial RNA granules where it binds along multiple sites of the ND6 mRNA and its precursors, cooperating with the mitochondrial degradosome to ensure proper mRNA biogenesis and subsequent complex I assembly and activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, disruption of other FASTK family members (e.g. FASTKD3) alters the steady‐state levels, half‐lives, and translation efficiency of mitochondrial mRNAs, underscoring their roles in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond their mitochondrial functions, FASTK proteins have also been implicated in extra-mitochondrial processes. One such example is the modulation of alternative pre–mRNA splicing in response to Fas signaling; FASTK interacts with and phosphorylates splicing factors such as TIA-1 to regulate the inclusion of critical exons that determine a cell’s apoptotic fate."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, regulation of FASTK expression by specific microRNAs has been linked to tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in astrocytomas and other cancers, suggesting that dysregulation of FASTK contributes to disease pathogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In models of mitochondrial stress – such as in alcoholic cardiomyopathy – reduced FASTK expression, mediated by reactive oxygen species and mRNA destabilizing pathways, leads to diminished ND6 mRNA production and compromised complex I-supported respiration, which aggravate cardiac dysfunction."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that FASTK isoforms may also participate in broader cellular processes, such as the regulation of phagocytosis, by ensuring robust mitochondrial function"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and that alterations in the FASTK family contribute to the molecular signatures observed in various cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, the FASTK protein family orchestrates critical aspects of mitochondrial RNA metabolism and translation to sustain effective oxidative phosphorylation. At the same time, by interfacing with splicing factors and being subject to regulatory microRNAs, FASTK proteins link mitochondrial function with cell survival and stress response pathways, thereby impacting a wide array of disease processes including neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, and cancer.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alexis A Jourdain, Mirko Koppen, Christopher D Rodley, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A mitochondria-specific isoform of FASTK is present in mitochondrial RNA granules and regulates gene expression and function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.063"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.063"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25704814"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704814"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Johannes Popow, Anne-Marie Alleaume, Tomaz Curk, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FASTKD2 is an RNA-binding protein required for mitochondrial RNA processing and translation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RNA (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1261/rna.052365.115"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.052365.115"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26370583"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26370583"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Erik Boehm, María Zornoza, Alexis A Jourdain, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Role of FAST Kinase Domains 3 (FASTKD3) in Post-transcriptional Regulation of Mitochondrial Gene Expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.730291"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.730291"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27789713"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27789713"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "José M Izquierdo, Juan Valcárcel "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase (FAST K) synergizes with TIA-1/TIAR proteins to regulate Fas alternative splicing."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.C600198200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.C600198200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17135269"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17135269"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Feng Zhi, Guangxin Zhou, Naiyuan Shao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-106a-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of astrocytoma cells and promotes apoptosis by targeting FASTK."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0072390"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072390"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24013584"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24013584"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sharmistha Das, Kay T Yeung, Muktar A Mahajan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fas Activated Serine-Threonine Kinase Domains 2 (FASTKD2) mediates apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cells through its novel FAST2 domain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cancer (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2407-14-852"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-14-852"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25409762"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25409762"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fuyang Zhang, Kai Wang, Shumiao Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Accelerated FASTK mRNA degradation induced by oxidative stress is responsible for the destroyed myocardial mitochondrial gene expression and respiratory function in alcoholic cardiomyopathy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Redox Biol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.redox.2020.101778"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101778"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33197770"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33197770"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maria Simarro, Alfredo Gimenez-Cassina, Nancy Kedersha, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fast kinase domain-containing protein 3 is a mitochondrial protein essential for cellular respiration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.075"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.075"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20869947"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20869947"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ana García Del Río, Aitor Delmiro, Miguel Angel Martín, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Mitochondrial Isoform of FASTK Modulates Nonopsonic Phagocytosis of Bacteria by Macrophages via Regulation of Respiratory Complex I."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.1701075"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1701075"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30322967"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30322967"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lorena Magraner-Pardo, Dino Gobelli, Miguel A de la Fuente, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Systematic Analysis of FASTK Gene Family Alterations in Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms222111337"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111337"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34768773"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34768773"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	FAST
Proteins	FASTK_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	10922
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

FASTK has 5,296 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 106 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for FASTK from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

FASTK Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FASTK gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with FASTK gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FASTK gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FASTK gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of FASTK gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of FASTK gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing FASTK protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing FASTK protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing FASTK protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing FASTK protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with FASTK protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with FASTK protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FASTK gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with FASTK gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with FASTK gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FASTK gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of FASTK protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by FASTK gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with FASTK gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with FASTK gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with FASTK gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FASTK gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with FASTK gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at FASTK gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FASTK gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FASTK gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing FASTK from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FASTK gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FASTK gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with FASTK gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing FASTK from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.