FERMT2 Gene

HGNC Family	Pleckstrin homology domain containing (PLEKH)
Name	fermitin family member 2
Description	Enables several functions, including phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding activity; protein serine/threonine kinase binding activity; and type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis; and positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction. Acts upstream of or within cell adhesion and protein localization to cell junction. Located in several cellular components, including adherens junction; cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane; and focal adhesion. Biomarker of acute myeloid leukemia. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n FERMT2, which encodes the focal adhesion protein kindlin‐2, plays a central role in the regulation of integrin activation and downstream cell–matrix signaling. Kindlin‐2 cooperates with talin to bind the cytoplasmic tails of β‐integrin subunits—especially at conserved NPxY motifs—thereby facilitating both “inside‐out” activation and clustering of integrins for enhanced ligand binding and extracellular matrix adhesion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, kindlin‐2 links integrins to intracellular components such as the actin cytoskeleton—through interactions with proteins like ILK and Migfilin—and couples adhesion sites to signaling molecules, thereby contributing to cell spreading, migration, mechanosensing, and matrix deposition."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, kindlin‐2 can participate in integrin‐independent pathways, such as the enhancement of TGF‐β/Smad signaling, which may contribute to fibrotic responses in tissues."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Genome‐wide association studies have further implicated FERMT2 as a susceptibility locus in Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that perturbations in kindlin‐2–mediated integrin signaling and cellular adhesion might contribute to neurodegenerative processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings underscore that FERMT2/kindlin‐2 is a multifaceted adaptor protein that not only regulates integrin activation and clustering but also orchestrates cellular responses essential for development, tissue homeostasis, and disease.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eloi Montanez, Siegfried Ussar, Martina Schifferer, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-2 controls bidirectional signaling of integrins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Dev (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1101/gad.469408"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.469408"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18483218"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18483218"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan-Qing Ma, Jun Qin, Chuanyue Wu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-2 (Mig-2): a co-activator of beta3 integrins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200710196"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200710196"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18458155"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18458155"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David S Harburger, Mohamed Bouaouina, David A Calderwood "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-1 and -2 directly bind the C-terminal region of beta integrin cytoplasmic tails and exert integrin-specific activation effects."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M809233200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M809233200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19240021"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19240021"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Siegfried Ussar, Hao-Ven Wang, Stefan Linder, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Kindlins: subcellular localization and expression during murine development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Cell Res (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.06.030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.06.030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16876785"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16876785"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hong Qu, Yizeng Tu, Xiaohua Shi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-2 regulates podocyte adhesion and fibronectin matrix deposition through interactions with phosphoinositides and integrins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.076976"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.076976"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21325030"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21325030"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kamila Bledzka, Katarzyna Bialkowska, Khalid Sossey-Alaoui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-2 directly binds actin and regulates integrin outside-in signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.201501006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201501006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27044892"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27044892"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaofan Wei, Yang Xia, Feng Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kindlin-2 mediates activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling and renal fibrosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Am Soc Nephrol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1681/ASN.2012101041"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2012101041"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23723426"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23723426"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Ruiz, S Heilmann, T Becker, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Follow-up of loci from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Disease Project identifies TRIP4 as a novel susceptibility gene."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transl Psychiatry (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/tp.2014.2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2014.2"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24495969"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24495969"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	KIND2, MIG2, UNC112B, UNC112, mig-2, PLEKHC1
Proteins	FERM2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	10979
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

FERMT2 has 8,760 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 126 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for FERMT2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

FERMT2 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of FERMT2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with FERMT2 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with FERMT2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FERMT2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FERMT2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of FERMT2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing FERMT2 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of FERMT2 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing FERMT2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing FERMT2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing FERMT2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing FERMT2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with FERMT2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with FERMT2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with FERMT2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with FERMT2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FERMT2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with FERMT2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with FERMT2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with FERMT2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with FERMT2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FERMT2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with FERMT2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at FERMT2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FERMT2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FERMT2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing FERMT2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FERMT2 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.