{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n G3BP2 is a multifunctional RNA‐binding protein that plays diverse roles in the regulation of cellular stress responses, cancer progression, and antiviral defense. In several studies, G3BP2 has been shown to be a core component of stress granules (SGs), where it interacts with its close homolog G3BP1 to promote SG assembly in response to oxidative and other environmental stresses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Structural analyses have further delineated its NTF2‐like domain and preferential binding to FGDF‐containing peptides, providing molecular insight into its interactions with various ligands."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the context of mechanotransduction, G3BP2 functions as a cytoplasmic anchor for the EMT‐inducing transcription factor TWIST1. Under conditions of increased extracellular matrix stiffness or ligand‐independent receptor activation, the release of TWIST1 from G3BP2 permits its nuclear translocation, thereby promoting epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhancing tumor cell invasion and metastasis in breast cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition, G3BP2 has emerged as a regulator of antiviral responses. It contributes to the efficient translation of interferon‐stimulated genes during dengue virus infection and binds specific regions of the viral untranslated regions, suggesting that it is part of a host–virus interplay that can be antagonized by viral noncoding RNAs."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Aberrant regulation of G3BP2 has also been implicated in tumorigenesis. In prostate and lung cancers, increased or deregulated G3BP2 levels are associated with altered p53 signaling, partly through interactions with deubiquitinating factors such as USP10 and with regulatory partners like TRIM25. These interactions promote cytoplasmic sequestration of p53 and facilitate cell cycle progression and tumor cell survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Upstream regulatory mechanisms—including modulation by microRNAs, phosphorylation by kinases such as PKCα, and interactions with long non‐coding RNAs—further influence G3BP2’s function in cancer. For example, sequestration of miR‐1178–3p by circRNAs enhances G3BP2 expression, activating downstream oncogenic signaling cascades; meanwhile, phosphorylation events mediated by PKCα help regulate its role in SG assembly."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, G3BP2 is integrated into broader cellular networks, such as those governing metabolic adaptation. In hepatocytes, for instance, G3BP2 is recruited to ribonucleoprotein granules alongside proteins like CLUH, linking nutrient sensing and mTORC1 signaling to the regulation of mitochondrial function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these studies underscore the versatile role of G3BP2 as a molecular hub that governs stress responses, modulates key signaling pathways involved in EMT and tumor progression, and influences the cellular antiviral state.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hideaki Matsuki, Masahiko Takahashi, Masaya Higuchi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Both G3BP1 and G3BP2 contribute to stress granule formation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Cells (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/gtc.12023"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.12023"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23279204"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23279204"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Florine E M Scholte, Ali Tas, Irina C Albulescu, et al. 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