GABPA Gene

HGNC Family	Helix-turn-helix ETS type domain containing
Name	GA binding protein transcription factor, alpha subunit 60kDa
Description	This gene encodes one of three GA-binding protein transcription factor subunits which functions as a DNA-binding subunit. Since this subunit shares identity with a subunit encoding the nuclear respiratory factor 2 gene, it is likely involved in activation of cytochrome oxidase expression and nuclear control of mitochondrial function. This subunit also shares identity with a subunit constituting the transcription factor E4TF1, responsible for expression of the adenovirus E4 gene. Because of its chromosomal localization and ability to form heterodimers with other polypeptides, this gene may play a role in the Down Syndrome phenotype. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n The ETS‐family transcription factor GABPA plays diverse roles in normal physiology and disease by regulating gene networks involved in mitochondrial function, cell cycle progression, and oncogenic transformation. In skeletal muscle, for example, GABPA (also known as GA repeat‐binding protein α) forms part of a double‐positive-feedback loop with PGC‐1α and ERRα that drives the expression of oxidative phosphorylation genes and thereby maintains mitochondrial energy metabolism (1). In several cancers, recurrent single‐nucleotide mutations in the TERT promoter lead to a dramatic epigenetic switch that recruits GABPA (often together with its partner GABPB1) to the mutant allele, resulting in aberrant reactivation of telomerase and contributing to the limitless proliferative capacity of cancer cells (2, 6, 7). In the context of cancer metabolism, GABPA is also targeted by regulatory microRNAs; in breast cancer cells, miR‐378* suppresses the expression of GABPA (and ERRγ), which translates into diminished tricarboxylic acid cycle gene expression, reduced oxygen consumption, and a shift toward a more glycolytic, proliferative state (3). Moreover, GABPA is implicated in transcriptional networks that couple mitochondrial biogenesis with anti‐inflammatory responses; for instance, it is recruited to the core promoter of IL10 along with Nrf2 and MEF2 to drive anti‐inflammatory cytokine expression (4). In addition, genome‐wide analyses in cancer cell lines have identified GABPA as one of several cell cycle–associated transcription factors that bind to and regulate a cohort of core genes required for periodic cell division (5). Finally, GABPA has been shown to directly activate the transcription of oncogenic regulators such as YAP, with its depletion leading to G1/S cell‐cycle block and increased cell death, thereby highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in cancers driven by deregulated survival pathways (8)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Citations:"}]}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vamsi K Mootha, Christoph Handschin, Dan Arlow, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Erralpha and Gabpa/b specify PGC-1alpha-dependent oxidative phosphorylation gene expression that is altered in diabetic muscle."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0401401101"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401401101"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15100410"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15100410"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Robert J A Bell, H Tomas Rube, Alex Kreig, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer. The transcription factor GABP selectively binds and activates the mutant TERT promoter in cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Science (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1126/science.aab0015"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab0015"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25977370"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25977370"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lillian J Eichner, Marie-Claude Perry, Catherine R Dufour, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-378(∗) mediates metabolic shift in breast cancer cells via the PGC-1β/ERRγ transcriptional pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Metab (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cmet.2010.09.002"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2010.09.002"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20889127"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20889127"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Claude A Piantadosi, Crystal M Withers, Raquel R Bartz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Heme oxygenase-1 couples activation of mitochondrial biogenesis to anti-inflammatory cytokine expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.207738"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.207738"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21454555"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21454555"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gavin D Grant, Lionel Brooks, Xiaoyang Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of cell cycle-regulated genes periodically expressed in U2OS cells and their regulation by FOXM1 and E2F transcription factors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E13-05-0264"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E13-05-0264"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24109597"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24109597"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Josh Lewis Stern, Dan Theodorescu, Bert Vogelstein, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mutation of the TERT promoter, switch to active chromatin, and monoallelic TERT expression in multiple cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Dev (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1101/gad.269498.115"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.269498.115"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26515115"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26515115"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Semih Can Akıncılar, Ekta Khattar, Priscilla Li Shan Boon, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long-Range Chromatin Interactions Drive Mutant TERT Promoter Activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Discov (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0177"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0177"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27650951"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27650951"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hongtan Wu, Yubo Xiao, Shihao Zhang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Ets transcription factor GABP is a component of the hippo pathway essential for growth and antioxidant defense."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2013.04.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2013.04.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23684612"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23684612"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	NRF2A, E4TF1A, RCH04A07, NFT2, E4TF1-60, NRF2
Proteins	GABPA_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	2551
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

GABPA has 7,064 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 120 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for GABPA from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

GABPA Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of GABPA gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of GABPA gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with GABPA protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with GABPA gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GABPA gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of GABPA gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of GABPA gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing GABPA protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of GABPA gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing GABPA protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing GABPA protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing GABPA protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing GABPA protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with GABPA protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with GABPA protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of GABPA gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with GABPA gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with GABPA gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GABPA gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with GABPA gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with GABPA gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with GABPA gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GABPA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with GABPA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at GABPA gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GABPA gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of GABPA gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing GABPA from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GABPA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GABPA gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with GABPA gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.