GATB Gene

Name	glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase, subunit B
Description	Contributes to glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity. Involved in glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation and mitochondrial translation. Located in mitochondrion. Part of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex. Implicated in combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 41. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n The protein GATB plays a central role as a subunit of the GatCAB complex, a tRNA‐dependent amidotransferase that corrects misacylated tRNAs by converting mischarged Glu–tRNA<sup>(Gln)</sup> into the correctly charged Gln–tRNA<sup>(Gln)</sup>, thereby ensuring translational fidelity in bacteria (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition to its essential enzymatic function, the coding sequence of GATB is highly conserved and is routinely employed as one of the housekeeping genes for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) in studies of intracellular endosymbionts such as Wolbachia. In these studies, sequencing of the gatB gene provides robust phylogenetic information to differentiate among Wolbachia strains (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, owing to its stable expression, a variant (often annotated as "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "gatB_Yqey"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ") has been validated as a reliable reference gene for normalization in quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT‐qPCR) experiments in bacterial systems, reflecting its broader role in central metabolism and protein synthesis (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sajeewa Walimuni Dewage, G Andrés Cisneros "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Computational analysis of ammonia transfer along two intramolecular tunnels in Staphylococcus aureus glutamine-dependent amidotransferase (GatCAB)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Phys Chem B (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1021/jp5123568"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5123568"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25654336"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25654336"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kelly Sheppard, Dieter Söll "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "On the evolution of the tRNA-dependent amidotransferases, GatCAB and GatDE."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Biol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jmb.2008.01.016"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.01.016"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18279892"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18279892"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yaping Hu, Zhiyong Xi, Xiaobo Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification and molecular characterization of Wolbachia strains in natural populations of Aedes albopictus in China."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Parasit Vectors (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s13071-020-3899-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3899-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31937373"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31937373"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuhua Gong, Mingshun Li, Dong Xu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Comparative proteomic analysis revealed metabolic changes and the translational regulation of Cry protein synthesis in Bacillus thuringiensis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Proteomics (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.037"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.037"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22119885"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22119885"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lillian Reiter, Anne-Brit Kolstø, Armin P Piehler "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reference genes for quantitative, reverse-transcription PCR in Bacillus cereus group strains throughout the bacterial life cycle."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Microbiol Methods (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.mimet.2011.05.006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2011.05.006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21620905"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21620905"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	PET112L, PET112, HSPC199
Proteins	GATB_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	5188
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

GATB has 5,607 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 108 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for GATB from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

GATB Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of GATB gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of GATB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of GATB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with GATB protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GATB gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of GATB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of GATB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with GATB gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas	gene perturbations changing expression of GATB gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing GATB protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of GATB gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing GATB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing GATB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing GATB protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing GATB protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with GATB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with GATB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with GATB gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GATB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by GATB gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with GATB gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with GATB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with GATB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GATB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with GATB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	DrugBank Drug Targets	interacting drugs for GATB protein from the curated DrugBank Drug Targets dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at GATB gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GATB gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of GATB gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing GATB from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with GATB gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.