| HGNC Family | Gamma-glutamyltransferases (GGT) |
| Name | gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain 3 |
| Description | Gamma-glutamyltransferase-1 (GGT1; MIM 612346) is a membrane-bound extracellular enzyme that cleaves gamma-glutamyl peptide bonds in glutathione and other peptides and transfers the gamma-glutamyl moiety to acceptors. Autocatalytic cleavage of the GGT1 precursor polypeptide produces a heavy chain and a light chain that associate with each other to form the functional enzyme. Light chain-only GGTs, such as GGTLC3, contain a region corresponding to the GGT1 light chain, but they lack the membrane-anchoring heavy chain region (Heisterkamp et al., 2008 [PubMed 18357469]).[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2008] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Gamma‐glutamyltransferase‐like protein 3 (GGTLC3) belongs to the gamma‐glutamyltransferase family that catalyzes the transfer of gamma‐glutamyl groups from glutathione to a variety of acceptor molecules, a key reaction in the metabolism and extracellular breakdown of glutathione. This enzymatic activity is central to maintaining cellular redox balance and detoxification, and alterations in gamma‐glutamyltransferase function have been implicated in oxidative stress, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Elevated levels of gamma‐glutamyltransferase activity have been associated with an increased risk of cancer and poorer clinical outcomes in diverse contexts—including hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer—where both serum and exosomal gamma‐glutamyltransferase activities serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, mechanistic studies using potent, mechanism‐based inhibitors reveal that targeting the catalytic activity of these enzymes can disrupt metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance pathways in cancer cells. Together, these findings underscore the multifaceted roles of GGT family proteins, such as GGTLC3, in modulating cellular detoxification, redox homeostasis, and tumor progression, thereby highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alexander M Strasak, Kilian Rapp, Larry J Brant, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of gamma-glutamyltransferase and risk of cancer incidence in men: a prospective study."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6686"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6686"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18483283"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18483283"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liyou Han, Jun Hiratake, Akane Kamiyama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Design, synthesis, and evaluation of gamma-phosphono diester analogues of glutamate as highly potent inhibitors and active site probes of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochemistry (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1021/bi061890j"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bi061890j"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17260973"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17260973"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kyojiro Kawakami, Yasunori Fujita, Yoko Matsuda, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in exosomes as a potential marker for prostate cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cancer (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12885-017-3301-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-017-3301-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28476099"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28476099"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shun-Jun Fu, Qiang Zhao, Fei Ji, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elevated Preoperative Serum Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase Predicts Poor Prognosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep28835"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28835"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27381639"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27381639"}]}]}]}
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| Proteins | GGTL3_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 728226 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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GGTLC3 has 853 functional associations with biological entities spanning 5 categories (functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 25 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for GGTLC3 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of GGTLC3 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing GGTLC3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing GGTLC3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with GGTLC3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with GGTLC3 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with GGTLC3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with GGTLC3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing GGTLC3 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving GGTLC3 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving GGTLC3 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations | cell types associated with GGTLC3 gene from the HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of GGTLC3 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by GGTLC3 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of GGTLC3 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of GGTLC3 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of GGTLC3 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations | cell types with high or low expression of GGTLC3 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of GGTLC3 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with GGTLC3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
