IKBKB Gene

Name	inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta
Description	The protein encoded by this gene phosphorylates the inhibitor in the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex, causing dissociation of the inhibitor and activation of NF-kappa-B. The encoded protein itself is found in a complex of proteins. Several transcript variants, some protein-coding and some not, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n IKBKB, the gene encoding IKKβ, is a central serine/threonine kinase in the canonical nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway that integrates diverse extracellular and intracellular cues to regulate inflammation, innate immunity, metabolism, and oncogenesis. Upon activation by upstream adaptor proteins – for example, via the cytoplasmic adaptor Cardif in response to viral RNA – IKKβ phosphorylates inhibitory IκB molecules, triggering their degradation and thereby liberating NF‐κB to translocate into the nucleus and initiate transcription of genes involved in antiviral defense and inflammatory responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In metabolic tissues, IKKβ activity plays a cell‐specific role; its activation in hepatocytes promotes local inflammatory cytokine production and compensatory proliferation that contribute to hepatic and systemic insulin resistance, whereas its suppression in myeloid cells is associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " IKKβ is also implicated in linking cellular stress responses to hypoxia by facilitating NF‐κB–dependent transcription of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), thus connecting oxygen sensing to inflammatory signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the context of oncogenesis, aberrant IKKβ activity not only sustains chronic inflammatory signals that favor tumor cell survival but also contributes to carcinogenesis when its regulation is disrupted in parenchymal cells, as evidenced by increased liver tumor formation upon hepatocyte‐specific IKKβ deletion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, IKKβ is the predominant kinase mediating cytokine‐induced IκB degradation and NF‐κB activation, a process that, when compromised in myeloid cells, can lead to unchecked production of proinflammatory mediators such as IL‐1β."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings underscore IKKβ as a pivotal nexus that coordinates inflammatory, metabolic, and cell survival pathways, thereby representing an attractive therapeutic target for a wide range of diseases linked to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Etienne Meylan, Joseph Curran, Kay Hofmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature04193"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04193"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16177806"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16177806"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Melek C Arkan, Andrea L Hevener, Florian R Greten, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IKK-beta links inflammation to obesity-induced insulin resistance."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Med (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nm1185"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1185"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15685170"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15685170"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jordi Rius, Monica Guma, Christian Schachtrup, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NF-kappaB links innate immunity to the hypoxic response through transcriptional regulation of HIF-1alpha."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature06905"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06905"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18432192"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18432192"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shin Maeda, Hideaki Kamata, Jun-Li Luo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IKKbeta couples hepatocyte death to cytokine-driven compensatory proliferation that promotes chemical hepatocarcinogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2005.04.014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2005.04.014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15989949"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15989949"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yumi Yamamoto, Udit N Verma, Shashi Prajapati, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Histone H3 phosphorylation by IKK-alpha is critical for cytokine-induced gene expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature01576"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01576"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12789342"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12789342"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Florian R Greten, Melek C Arkan, Julia Bollrath, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NF-kappaB is a negative regulator of IL-1beta secretion as revealed by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of IKKbeta."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2007.07.009"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.07.009"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17803913"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17803913"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	IKK-BETA, IKK2, IMD15, NFKBIKB, IKKB
Proteins	IKKB_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	3551
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

IKBKB has 12,536 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 147 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for IKBKB from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

IKBKB Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by IKBKB gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Biocarta Pathways	pathways involving IKBKB protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of IKBKB gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of IKBKB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of IKBKB gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with IKBKB gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with IKBKB protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with IKBKB gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of IKBKB gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of IKBKB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of IKBKB gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with IKBKB gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with IKBKB gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing IKBKB protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of IKBKB gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing IKBKB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing IKBKB protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing IKBKB protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with IKBKB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with IKBKB protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing IKBKB protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of IKBKB gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with IKBKB gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with IKBKB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with IKBKB gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of IKBKB protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by IKBKB gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases	phosphatases that dephosphorylate IKBKB protein from the curated DEPOD Substrates of Phosphatases dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases involving IKBKB gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving IKBKB gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with IKBKB gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.