IL22 Gene

HGNC Family Interleukins (IL)
Name interleukin 22
Description This gene is a member of the IL10 family of cytokines that mediate cellular inflammatory responses. The encoded protein functions in antimicrobial defense at mucosal surfaces and in tissue repair. This protein also has pro-inflammatory properties and plays a role in in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases. The encoded protein is a crucial cytokine that regulates host immunity in infectious diseases, including COVID-19 (disease caused by SARS-CoV-2). [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2021]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Interleukin‐22 (IL‑22), a member of the IL‑10 cytokine family, is produced by both adaptive T helper cells (notably Th17 cells) and several innate lymphoid cell subsets. Its production is closely linked to other inflammatory mediators such as IL‑17, and together they synergize to regulate epithelial cell functions. In the skin, IL‑22 cooperates with IL‑17 to induce antimicrobial peptides and other genes that reinforce innate host defenses (1). In the gut, IL‑22 plays a pivotal role in early defense against bacterial pathogens by directly stimulating colonic epithelial cells to express antimicrobial proteins, as well as by activating STAT3‐dependent pathways that promote epithelial proliferation and stem cell regeneration, thereby restoring barrier integrity (2, 6, 14). Similarly, during pulmonary infections, IL‑22 enhances epithelial repair and increases transepithelial resistance, contributing to host protection (4). In the liver, IL‑22 functions as a potent survival factor by activating STAT3 in hepatocytes and upregulating anti‐apoptotic and mitogenic molecules to alleviate T cell–mediated injury (12, 16). Innate lymphoid cells—including RORγt⁺ NKp46⁺ subsets—produce IL‑22 locally to trigger epithelial cell–intrinsic responses that include the production of antimicrobial molecules and regenerative factors (5, 7, 13). At the same time, at mucosal sites such as the colon, a tightly controlled IL‑22/IL‑22 binding protein axis determines the balance between protective tissue repair and, when dysregulated, promotion of tumorigenesis (10, 11, 17). Moreover, IL‑22 can act on stromal cells, such as colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts, to induce proinflammatory cytokines and matrix‐modulating enzymes, contributing to the inflammatory microenvironment characteristic of diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (8, 9, 15). \n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies underscore the multifaceted nature of IL‑22 as a key mediator of epithelial defense, regeneration, and homeostasis across multiple organs. They further highlight that while IL‑22 is essential for host protective responses at barrier surfaces, its uncontrolled activity may contribute to chronic inflammation and tumor development.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Citations:."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Spencer C Liang, Xiang-Yang Tan, Deborah P Luxenberg, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "AHR drives the development of gut ILC22 cells and postnatal lymphoid tissues via pathways dependent on and independent of Notch."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Immunol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ni.2187"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.2187"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22101730"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22101730"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samuel Huber, Nicola Gagliani, Lauren A Zenewicz, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IL-23-responsive innate lymphoid cells are increased in inflammatory bowel disease."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20101712"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20101712"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21576383"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21576383"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Svetlana Radaeva, Rui Sun, Hong-Na Pan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interleukin 22 (IL-22) plays a protective role in T cell-mediated murine hepatitis: IL-22 is a survival factor for hepatocytes via STAT3 activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hepatology (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/hep.20184"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.20184"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15122762"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15122762"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carmelo Luci, Ana Reynders, Ivaylo I Ivanov, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IL-1β mediates chronic intestinal inflammation by promoting the accumulation of IL-17A secreting innate lymphoid cells and CD4(+) Th17 cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.20111453"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20111453"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22891275"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22891275"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diane Lejeune, Laure Dumoutier, Stefan Constantinescu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interleukin-22 (IL-22) activates the JAK/STAT, ERK, JNK, and p38 MAP kinase pathways in a rat hepatoma cell line. Pathways that are shared with and distinct from IL-10."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M204204200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M204204200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12087100"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12087100"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Melissa A Kinnebrew, Charlie G Buffie, Gretchen E Diehl, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interleukin 23 production by intestinal CD103(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells in response to bacterial flagellin enhances mucosal innate immune defense."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22306017"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22306017"}]}]}]}
Synonyms TIFIL-23, IL-TIF, ZCYTO18, IL-D110, TIFa, IL-22, IL-21, ILTIF
Proteins IL22_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 50616
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View IL22's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View IL22's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View IL22's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

IL22 has 6,619 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 89 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for IL22 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles cell lines with fitness changed by IL22 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Biocarta Pathways pathways involving IL22 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with IL22 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of IL22 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of IL22 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of IL22 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing IL22 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with IL22 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with IL22 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with IL22 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with IL22 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with IL22 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by IL22 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with IL22 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with IL22 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with IL22 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with IL22 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at IL22 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of IL22 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of IL22 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing IL22 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GAD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with IL22 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with IL22 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with IL22 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing IL22 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving IL22 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving IL22 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving IL22 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing IL22 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by IL22 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by IL22 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by IL22 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 phenotypes associated with IL22 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with IL22 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for IL22 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
KEGG Pathways pathways involving IL22 protein from the KEGG Pathways dataset.
KEGG Pathways 2026 pathways involving IL22 protein from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of IL22 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain IL22 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by IL22 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MiRTarBase microRNA Targets microRNAs targeting IL22 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by IL22 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
NURSA Protein Complexes protein complexs containing IL22 protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for IL22 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 pathways involving IL22 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving IL22 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving IL22 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at IL22 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of IL22 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations cell types with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of IL22 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of IL22 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of IL22 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of IL22 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with IL22 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with IL22 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving IL22 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving IL22 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.