{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n IQGAP3 is emerging as a critical scaffold protein that is tightly linked to cell proliferation and tumor progression in epithelial cells. In normal cells, IQGAP3 expression is largely confined to proliferating populations, where it functions to promote cell‐cycle re‐entry by engaging Ras in a manner that leads to ERK activation ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In addition, IQGAP3 plays a specific role during cytokinesis by localizing to the equatorial cortex where it interacts with anillin, thereby ensuring proper cleavage furrow ingression and completion of cell division ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the cancer context, IQGAP3 is frequently upregulated. For example, in lung cancer cells its overexpression promotes tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion by modulating EGFR‐ERK signaling ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "], and it also contributes to radioresistance by interacting with Rad17 and facilitating activation of ATM/Chk2 and ATR/Chk1 DNA damage response pathways ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Similarly, in hepatocellular carcinoma IQGAP3 overexpression correlates with enhanced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and poor patient prognosis through activation of TGF‑β signaling ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. In breast cancer, high IQGAP3 levels are associated with increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion along with changes in key regulatory proteins such as p53, matrix metalloproteinases, and components of the ERK pathway, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Moreover, in colorectal cancers with p53 mutations, IQGAP3 is among the genes upregulated during progression, further linking its overexpression to aggressive tumor behavior ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "].\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its oncogenic functions, IQGAP3 is also enriched in regenerative liver tissue where its expression parallels hepatocyte proliferation during development and repair, suggesting that it integrates cell–cell contact signals with proliferative pathways to sustain organ regeneration ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Consistent with its multifaceted roles in promoting tumor growth and dissemination, pan‐cancer analyses have demonstrated that elevated IQGAP3 mRNA levels correlate with poor patient survival across various cancer types ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "].\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hisashi Nojima, Makoto Adachi, Takeshi Matsui, et al. 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