{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Integrative analyses from multiple studies reveal that KIAA1522 functions as an oncogenic regulator across a broad spectrum of solid tumors. In breast cancer, for example, KIAA1522 is directly targeted by the tumor‐suppressive microRNA miR‑125b‑5p; its suppression results in reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, suggesting that KIAA1522 overexpression drives tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In pediatric cancers such as Ewing sarcoma, recurrent mutations in KIAA1522 further imply its potential involvement in oncogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), high levels of KIAA1522 expression are independently associated with poor prognosis and diminished overall survival. Functional studies have linked its overexpression to activation of pathways such as oncogenic KRAS and TNFα–NFκB signaling in NSCLC"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while in HCC, elevated KIAA1522 corresponds to aggressive disease behavior."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In pancreatic and ovarian cancers, KIAA1522 is upregulated via interactions with noncoding RNAs. For instance, in pancreatic cancer, the long noncoding RNA FGD5‑AS1 sponges miR‑520a‑3p to relieve inhibition of KIAA1522, thereby enhancing cell proliferation and migration"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and in ovarian cancer, USP2‑AS1 sequesters miR‑520d‑3p to augment KIAA1522 expression, promoting tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, KIAA1522 has been incorporated into diagnostic panels. Its increased expression in bronchial brushing specimens assists in early lung cancer detection"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and a peptide fragment derived from KIAA1522 in amniotic fluid holds promise for diagnosing preterm premature rupture of membranes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Aberrant promoter methylation patterns affecting KIAA1522 have also been observed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, providing further insight into its regulatory disruption"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while overexpression correlates with poorer differentiation in this cancer type."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, in colorectal carcinoma, upregulated KIAA1522 promotes distant metastasis by activating the Notch signaling pathway."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings indicate that KIAA1522 not only contributes to tumorigenic processes—enhancing proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance—but it also serves as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognostication, making it an attractive target for emerging therapeutic strategies.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yongzhen Li, Yongxia Wang, Hongzhe Fan, et al. 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