{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n KIF2B is a member of the kinesin‐13 family of microtubule depolymerases that plays a critical role in ensuring mitotic fidelity by regulating kinetochore–microtubule dynamics. Several studies have shown that during early mitosis KIF2B is recruited to kinetochores—often as part of a complex with regulatory factors such as CLASP1—to stimulate microtubule turnover and promote the correction of mal‐oriented kinetochore–microtubule attachments (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, functional analyses have demonstrated that even low levels of KIF2B expression are essential for proper spindle assembly and efficient chromosome movement; cells deficient in KIF2B display disorganized or monopolar spindles and markedly reduced chromosome transport dynamics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Regulation of KIF2B activity is achieved in part by site‐specific phosphorylation. For instance, Plk1 phosphorylates KIF2B at distinct residues to control both its localization to kinetochores and its catalytic activity in correcting kinetochore–microtubule attachment errors."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, signaling from kinases such as Chk1 and GSK3β further modulate the binding of KIF2B to microtubule plus ends—mechanisms that, together with interactions with proteins like CEP170 (whose localization is promoted by TBK1), help fine‐tune its depolymerase function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In a broader context, proper KIF2B function during prometaphase is key to the correction of k–MT attachment errors, thereby maintaining genome stability. Conversely, its dysregulation or altered abundance can contribute to chromosomal instability in cancer cells, as evidenced by studies where genetic manipulations that enhance KIF2B expression restore fidelity of chromosome segregation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, genomic copy number variations involving KIF2B have been identified in clinical studies, suggesting that alterations in its dosage may have implications beyond mitosis, such as in childhood obesity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these findings highlight KIF2B as a pivotal mitotic regulator whose activity is precisely modulated by phosphorylation and protein–protein interactions to ensure the dynamic correction of kinetochore–microtubule attachments, thereby safeguarding accurate chromosome segregation during cell division.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Samuel F Bakhoum, Sarah L Thompson, Amity L Manning, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome stability is ensured by temporal control of kinetochore-microtubule dynamics."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Cell Biol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncb1809"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1809"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19060894"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19060894"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Amity L Manning, Samuel F Bakhoum, Stefano Maffini, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CLASP1, astrin and Kif2b form a molecular switch that regulates kinetochore-microtubule dynamics to promote mitotic progression and fidelity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "EMBO J (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/emboj.2010.230"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2010.230"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20852589"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20852589"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Amity L Manning, Neil J Ganem, Samuel F Bakhoum, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The kinesin-13 proteins Kif2a, Kif2b, and Kif2c/MCAK have distinct roles during mitosis in human cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0110"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0110"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17538014"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17538014"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Emily A Hood, Arminja N Kettenbach, Scott A Gerber, et al. 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