LPCAT1 Gene

HGNC Family	EF-hand domain containing
Name	lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1
Description	This gene encodes a member of the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family of proteins. The encoded enzyme plays a role in phospholipid metabolism, specifically in the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylcholine in the presence of acyl-CoA. This process is important in the synthesis of lung surfactant and platelet-activating factor (PAF). Elevated expression of this gene may contribute to the progression of oral squamous cell, prostate, breast, and other human cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the acylation of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to generate phosphatidylcholine (PC), a major phospholipid component of cellular membranes. In the lung, LPCAT1 is predominantly expressed in alveolar type II cells where it is essential for synthesizing the saturated PC species required for pulmonary surfactant homeostasis; loss or reduction of LPCAT1 activity leads to impaired surfactant function and respiratory distress in neonates."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its well‐characterized role in the lung, LPCAT1 has been shown to localize to lipid droplets in various cell types where it contributes to the local synthesis and remodeling of PC (thereby influencing lipid droplet composition and cellular lipid metabolism)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, LPCAT1 can function as a constitutively expressed lyso‐PAF acetyltransferase in noninflammatory conditions, contributing to the biosynthesis and regulation of platelet‐activating factor (PAF) in a manner distinct from its inducible counterpart LPCAT2."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the context of cancer, elevated LPCAT1 expression is emerging as an important modulator of tumor lipid metabolism. Overexpression of LPCAT1 has been observed in various malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", colorectal cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", prostate cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", esophageal squamous cell carcinoma"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and oral squamous cell carcinoma."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In these tumors, LPCAT1‐driven remodeling of the phospholipid profile is frequently associated with enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and it may modulate oncogenic signaling pathways such as those mediated by PI3K/AKT and MYC.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, in inflammatory settings such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide exposure, LPCAT1 undergoes regulated degradation via phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitination, a process that can adversely affect pulmonary surfactant quality."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Together, these findings highlight the multifaceted roles of LPCAT1—from maintaining normal lung physiology by ensuring proper surfactant composition to facilitating aberrant lipid remodeling and signaling in cancer progression—thus positioning LPCAT1 as both a potential prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in diverse pathological conditions.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hiroki Nakanishi, Hideo Shindou, Daisuke Hishikawa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cloning and characterization of mouse lung-type acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1). Expression in alveolar type II cells and possible involvement in surfactant production."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M600225200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M600225200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16704971"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16704971"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "James P Bridges, Machiko Ikegami, Lauren L Brilli, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LPCAT1 regulates surfactant phospholipid synthesis and is required for transitioning to air breathing in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI38061"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI38061"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20407208"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20407208"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takeshi Harayama, Hideo Shindou, Takao Shimizu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine by human lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Lipid Res (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1194/jlr.M800500-JLR200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M800500-JLR200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19383981"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19383981"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christine Moessinger, Lars Kuerschner, Johanna Spandl, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Human lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases 1 and 2 are located in lipid droplets where they catalyze the formation of phosphatidylcholine."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.202424"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.202424"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21498505"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21498505"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takeshi Harayama, Hideo Shindou, Rie Ogasawara, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of a novel noninflammatory biosynthetic pathway of platelet-activating factor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M708909200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M708909200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18285344"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18285344"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yoshifumi Morita, Takanori Sakaguchi, Koji Ikegami, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 altered phospholipid composition and regulated hepatoma progression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Hepatol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.030"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.030"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23567080"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23567080"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Francisco Mansilla, Kerry-Ann da Costa, Shuli Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) overexpression in human colorectal cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Med (Berl) (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00109-008-0409-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-008-0409-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18974965"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18974965"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xinchun Zhou, Thomas J Lawrence, Zhi He, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The expression level of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) correlates to the progression of prostate cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Mol Pathol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.11.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.11.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22101258"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22101258"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Katharina Grupp, Stella Sanader, Hüseyin Sirma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 expression independently predicts high risk for biochemical recurrence in prostate cancers."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Oncol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molonc.2013.07.009"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2013.07.009"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23941784"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23941784"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chunhua Wei, Xiaomin Dong, Hui Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LPCAT1 promotes brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by up-regulating PI3K/AKT/MYC pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s13046-019-1092-4"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1092-4"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30791942"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791942"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mingyue Tao, Jing Luo, Tong Gu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LPCAT1 reprogramming cholesterol metabolism promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41419-021-04132-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-04132-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34518524"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34518524"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tomomi Shida-Sakazume, Yosuke Endo-Sakamoto, Motoharu Unozawa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase1 overexpression promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via enhanced biosynthesis of platelet-activating factor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0120143"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120143"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25803864"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25803864"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chunbin Zou, Phillip L Butler, Tiffany A Coon, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LPS impairs phospholipid synthesis by triggering beta-transducin repeat-containing protein (beta-TrCP)-mediated polyubiquitination and degradation of the surfactant enzyme acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase I (LPCAT1)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.192377"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.192377"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21068446"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21068446"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	AYTL2, AGPAT9, LPCAT-1, AGPAT10, PFAAP3
Proteins	PCAT1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	79888
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

LPCAT1 has 9,888 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 122 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for LPCAT1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

LPCAT1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with LPCAT1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with LPCAT1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LPCAT1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of LPCAT1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of LPCAT1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of LPCAT1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing LPCAT1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing LPCAT1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing LPCAT1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing LPCAT1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with LPCAT1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with LPCAT1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with LPCAT1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with LPCAT1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with LPCAT1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with LPCAT1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of LPCAT1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by LPCAT1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with LPCAT1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with LPCAT1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with LPCAT1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with LPCAT1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at LPCAT1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LPCAT1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of LPCAT1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing LPCAT1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with LPCAT1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of LPCAT1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with LPCAT1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.