| HGNC Family | Fibronectin type III domain containing, Immunoglobulin superfamily domain containing |
| Name | leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 1 |
| Description | Predicted to be involved in regulation of postsynaptic density assembly. Predicted to be located in plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in cell surface; postsynaptic density membrane; and presynaptic active zone membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n LRFN1 is a neuronal transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the Lrfn (or SALM) family that plays dual roles in the nervous system and—in certain contexts—in cancer prognostication. In the brain, LRFN1 possesses extracellular domains including leucine‐rich repeats, immunoglobulin‐like, and fibronectin type III motifs as well as a cytoplasmic PDZ‐binding sequence. These features enable LRFN1 to interact with key postsynaptic scaffolding proteins such as PSD-95, thereby contributing to the proper localization of synaptic components and the formation and maturation of excitatory synapses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Although genetic studies in epilepsy and other neurodevelopmental disorders have evaluated LRFN1 as a potential candidate gene, mutation analyses within critical loci have not yielded causative alterations."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In parallel, LRFN1 has emerged as one component of multi-gene expression signatures in oncologic studies; for example, it has been incorporated into gene models predicting prognosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (as part of a four-gene prognostic tool) and into a 12-gene signature panel for ovarian cancer, suggesting that its expression may be informative of disease outcome."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Together, these findings indicate that LRFN1 is an important organizer of postsynaptic structure and function in the mature nervous system, while its altered expression may serve as a biomarker in certain cancers. Future work is needed to further delineate the molecular mechanisms by which LRFN1 influences synaptogenesis and how its dysregulation might contribute to human disease.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Naoko Morimura, Takashi Inoue, Kei-ichi Katayama, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Comparative analysis of structure, expression and PSD95-binding capacity of Lrfn, a novel family of neuronal transmembrane proteins."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gene (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.gene.2006.05.014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2006.05.014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16828986"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16828986"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eunkyung Lie, Yan Li, Ryunhee Kim, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SALM/Lrfn Family Synaptic Adhesion Molecules."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Front Mol Neurosci (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3389/fnmol.2018.00105"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00105"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29674953"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29674953"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Francesca Bisulli, Ilaria Naldi, Sara Baldassari, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Autosomal dominant partial epilepsy with auditory features: a new locus on chromosome 19q13.11-q13.31."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epilepsia (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/epi.12560"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12560"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24579982"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24579982"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Banlai Ruan, Xianzhen Feng, Xueyi Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of a Set of Genes Improving Survival Prediction in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma through Integrative Reanalysis of Transcriptomic Data."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dis Markers (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1155/2020/8824717"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8824717"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33110456"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33110456"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jiao Jiao, Longyang Jiang, Yang Luo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "N6-Methyladenosine-Related RNA Signature Predicting the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2174/1574892816666210615164645"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1574892816666210615164645"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34137363"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34137363"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | SALM2 |
| Proteins | LRFN1_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 57622 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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LRFN1 has 3,192 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 86 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for LRFN1 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles | cell lines with fitness changed by LRFN1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LRFN1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of LRFN1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of LRFN1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing LRFN1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing LRFN1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with LRFN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with LRFN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with LRFN1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with LRFN1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with LRFN1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action | small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of LRFN1 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by LRFN1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with LRFN1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with LRFN1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with LRFN1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at LRFN1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LRFN1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of LRFN1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing LRFN1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing LRFN1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing LRFN1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing LRFN1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with LRFN1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 protein relative to other cell types and tissues from the HPM Cell Type and Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting hub proteins for LRFN1 from the curated Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for LRFN1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Kinase Library Serine Threonine Kinome Atlas | kinases that phosphorylate LRFN1 protein from the Kinase Library Serine Threonine Atlas dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with LRFN1 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain LRFN1 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MiRTarBase microRNA Targets | microRNAs targeting LRFN1 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles | drug perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset. | |
| NURSA Protein Complexes | protein complexs containing LRFN1 protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for LRFN1 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving LRFN1 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving LRFN1 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at LRFN1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of LRFN1 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of LRFN1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations | synaptic terms associated with LRFN1 gene from the SynGO Synaptic Gene Annotations dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of LRFN1 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of LRFN1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of LRFN1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of LRFN1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with LRFN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with LRFN1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
