{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Leucine‐rich repeat containing protein 10 (LRRC10) is a cardiac‐specific protein that is expressed exclusively in cardiomyocytes throughout development and in the adult heart."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " LRRC10 localizes to specialized subcellular regions—such as the dyad along the Z‐line where it interacts with proteins including actin and α‐actinin—to help organize the contractile apparatus and coordinate proper excitation–contraction coupling. Its expression is tightly controlled by key cardiac transcription factors (e.g., Nkx2-5, GATA4, and factors binding adjacent regulatory elements), ensuring heart-specific transcriptional activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Functional studies in animal models have demonstrated that ablation or mutation of LRRC10 results in impaired cardiac performance, including prenatal systolic dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and an exaggerated adverse response to biomechanical stress"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ";."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "7", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In both mice and humans, mutations in LRRC10 are now implicated in the etiology of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and other arrhythmogenic cardiac disorders.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition, studies in zebrafish have provided insights into the developmental and regenerative roles of LRRC10. Knockdown of lrrc10 in zebrafish embryos precipitates severe cardiac morphogenetic defects—including abnormal cardiac looping, reduced contractility, and altered expression of structural cardiac genes—while also compromising the regenerative response following injury."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "11"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies underscore the essential role of LRRC10 in establishing and maintaining normal cardiac structure and function. Dysregulation or mutation of LRRC10 not only predisposes the heart to cardiomyopathies and maladaptive remodeling under stress but also undermines the intrinsic ability of the heart to repair and regenerate, highlighting its importance as a candidate gene and potential therapeutic target in cardiac disease.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matthew J Brody, Timothy A Hacker, Jitandrakumar R Patel, et al. 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