MIXL1 Gene

HGNC Family Homeoboxes
Name Mix paired-like homeobox
Description Enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including endodermal cell differentiation; negative regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; and positive regulation of mesoderm development. Predicted to act upstream of or within cell migration involved in gastrulation and hemopoiesis. Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary
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In addition, physical and functional interactions between MIXL1 and T-box factors (including Brachyury) serve to fine-tune its transactivating potential during early cell fate decisions. Upregulation of MIXL1 has also been observed during chemically induced mesodermal specification, underscoring its role as a key mediator in directing early lineage commitment."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAberrant expression of MIXL1 is implicated in hematopoietic malignancies. Elevated levels of MIXL1 have been detected in aggressive lymphomas and acute leukemias, where it appears to contribute to leukemogenesis by activating oncogenic pathways such as the c-REL-mediated survival axis. In this context, MIXL1 not only marks early hematopoietic progenitors but may also produce a block in differentiation and promote cell survival, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in certain malignancies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wei Guo, Agnes Pui-Yee Chan, Hong Liang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A human Mix-like homeobox gene MIXL shows functional similarity to Xenopus Mix.1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood.v100.1.89"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v100.1.89"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12070013"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12070013"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Adam H Hart, Tracy A Willson, Michael Wong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcriptional regulation of the homeobox gene Mixl1 by TGF-beta and FoxH1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.044"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.044"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15982639"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15982639"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Richard P Davis, Elizabeth S Ng, Magdaline Costa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Targeting a GFP reporter gene to the MIXL1 locus of human embryonic stem cells identifies human primitive streak-like cells and enables isolation of primitive hematopoietic precursors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood-2007-06-093609"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-06-093609"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18032708"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18032708"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lloyd A Pereira, Michael S Wong, Sue Mei Lim, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brachyury and related Tbx proteins interact with the Mixl1 homeodomain protein and negatively regulate Mixl1 transcriptional activity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0028394"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028394"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22164283"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22164283"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Seung-Cheol Choi, Ji-Hyun Choi, Long-Hui Cui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mixl1 and Flk1 Are Key Players of Wnt/TGF-β Signaling During DMSO-Induced Mesodermal Specification in P19 cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Physiol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jcp.24892"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.24892"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25521758"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25521758"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elias Drakos, George Z Rassidakis, Vasiliki Leventaki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential expression of the human MIXL1 gene product in non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Pathol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.humpath.2006.09.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2006.09.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17303500"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17303500"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aaron Raymond, Bin Liu, Hong Liang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A role for BMP-induced homeobox gene MIXL1 in acute myelogenous leukemia and identification of type I BMP receptor as a potential target for therapy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.2564"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.2564"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25544748"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25544748"}]}]}]}
Synonyms MIXL, MILD1, MIX
Proteins MIXL1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 83881
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View MIXL1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View MIXL1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View MIXL1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

MIXL1 has 4,142 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 83 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for MIXL1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with MIXL1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIXL1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of MIXL1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of MIXL1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas gene perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing MIXL1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing MIXL1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with MIXL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with MIXL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with MIXL1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with MIXL1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with MIXL1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by MIXL1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with MIXL1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with MIXL1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with MIXL1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with MIXL1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIXL1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIXL1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of MIXL1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MIXL1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with MIXL1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MIXL1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing MIXL1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by MIXL1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx eQTL 2025 SNPs regulating expression of MIXL1 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for MIXL1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of MIXL1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of MIXL1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of MIXL1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Kinase Library Tyrosine Kinome Atlas kinases that phosphorylate MIXL1 protein from the Kinase Library Tyrosine Kinome Atlas dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of MIXL1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations cellular components containing MIXL1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain MIXL1 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by MIXL1 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MiRTarBase microRNA Targets microRNAs targeting MIXL1 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of MIXL1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by MIXL1 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 pathways involving MIXL1 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving MIXL1 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with MIXL1 protein in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving MIXL1 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIXL1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 transcription factors regulating expression of MIXL1 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of MIXL1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of MIXL1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of MIXL1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of MIXL1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with MIXL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with MIXL1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving MIXL1 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving MIXL1 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.