{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent research has illuminated a rapidly evolving non‐coding RNA landscape, wherein retrotransposition and species‐specific expansions contribute to the emergence of novel regulatory elements. In this context, analyses of retrotransposon‐derived miRNA gene clusters and evolutionary pressures on miRNA targets have provided important insights into fundamental developmental processes and cellular stress responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nConcurrently, imprinted genes and their hosted miRNAs, such as those resident in the Sfmbt2 locus, have been shown to orchestrate key aspects of extra-embryonic tissue formation, placental development, and renal osmoregulation. Studies demonstrate that perturbations in these miRNA networks can adversely affect trophoblast stem cell maintenance and alter responses to hypertonic stress, thereby emphasizing the broader regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs in development and homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nWithin this expansive regulatory framework, a recent investigation into the adenoma-to-carcinoma transition in colorectal cancer identified a tumor-specific fusion gene—MRPS31-SUGT1—whose sequence is 100% identical to the long non-coding RNA MRPS31P5. Emerging evidence suggests that MRPS31P5 may function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), acting as a molecular sponge for miRNAs and as an interactor of mRNAs. This regulatory capacity implies that MRPS31P5 could modulate gene expression networks crucial for tumor progression and, thus, may serve as a potential biomarker for the early detection of colorectal cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stefan Lehnert, Vladimir Kapitonov, Pushpike J Thilakarathne, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Modeling the asymmetric evolution of a mouse and rat-specific microRNA gene cluster intron 10 of the Sfmbt2 gene."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Genomics (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2164-12-257"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-257"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21605348"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21605348"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Grace X Y Zheng, Arvind Ravi, Genevieve M Gould, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome-wide impact of a recently expanded microRNA cluster in mouse."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1112772108"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112772108"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21911408"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21911408"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kamelia Miri, Keith Latham, Barbara Panning, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The imprinted polycomb group gene Sfmbt2 is required for trophoblast maintenance and placenta development."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Development (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/dev.096511"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.096511"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24154523"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24154523"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yu Luo, Ying Liu, Meng Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sfmbt2 10th intron-hosted miR-466(a/e)-3p are important epigenetic regulators of Nfat5 signaling, osmoregulation and urine concentration in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.12.005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.12.005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24389345"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24389345"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anna Panza, Stefano Castellana, Giuseppe Biscaglia, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcriptome and Gene Fusion Analysis of Synchronous Lesions Reveals lncMRPS31P5 as a Novel Transcript Involved in Colorectal Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms21197120"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197120"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32992457"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32992457"}]}]}]}