{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nNeurocan, encoded by the NCAN gene, is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan that plays a critical role in the brain by modulating neuronal adhesion, migration, and synaptic plasticity. Its patterned expression in cortical and hippocampal regions suggests an important involvement in the development and regulation of cognitive and emotional processes. Genetic studies have robustly linked variation in NCAN to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, pointing to a molecular mechanism whereby alterations in neural connectivity and extracellular matrix composition may contribute to disease susceptibility."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nInterestingly, beyond its established role in neuronal function, the NCAN locus has emerged in genetic association studies with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, where variants near NCAN correlate with distinctive serum lipid profiles and the progression to advanced hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although neurocan is predominantly expressed in neuronal tissue, these findings raise the possibility of pleiotropic effects or regulatory roles emanating from the NCAN region in hepatic lipid metabolism and fibrosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nConversely, population-specific investigations have yielded mixed results regarding the association of NCAN variants with psychiatric conditions. For instance, a study in a Bosnian cohort assessing schizophrenia did not observe significant associations, highlighting that NCAN’s influence on disease susceptibility may vary across ethnic groups or be modulated by additional genetic and environmental factors."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sven Cichon, Thomas W Mühleisen, Franziska A Degenhardt, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome-wide association study identifies genetic variation in neurocan as a susceptibility factor for bipolar disorder."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Hum Genet (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.01.017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.01.017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21353194"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21353194"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas W Mühleisen, Manuel Mattheisen, Jana Strohmaier, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Studies in humans and mice implicate neurocan in the etiology of mania."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Am J Psychiatry (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11101585"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11101585"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22952076"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22952076"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Heidelore Raum, Bruno Dietsche, Arne Nagels, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NCAN Cross-Disorder Risk Variant Is Associated With Limbic Gray Matter Deficits in Healthy Subjects and Major Depression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuropsychopharmacology (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/npp.2015.86"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.86"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25801500"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25801500"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alexis Gorden, Rongze Yang, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, et al. 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