| HGNC Family | Homeoboxes |
| Name | NK1 homeobox 2 |
| Description | Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in cell differentiation and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in chromatin. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe collection of studies collectively underscores the central role of CDC6 in establishing and regulating DNA replication, while linking its activity to broader aspects of cell cycle control and cellular homeostasis. In premalignant and myogenic contexts, precise control of CDC6 is crucial: overexpression of CDC6 (and its partner Cdt1) initiates aberrant DNA rereplication that triggers a DNA damage response and activates antitumor barriers such as senescence and apoptosis, suggesting that deregulated replication initiation can drive tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, CDC6 is transcriptionally upregulated by MyoD during the reactivation of quiescent myoblasts, a step essential to confer chromatin competence for replication and for facilitating S-phase entry."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its determinants in replication licensing, CDC6 also functions as a multifaceted regulator of cell cycle progression and survival. Notably, CDC6 impairs apoptosome assembly by interacting with Apaf-1, thereby preventing unintended apoptosis during proliferation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Its capacity to inhibit CDK1 activity plays a critical role in modulating the timing of M-phase entry and overall cell cycle progression, as demonstrated in Xenopus embryo extracts and mouse zygotes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In oocyte meiosis, CDC6 localizes to the spindle apparatus where it is indispensable for proper spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, and timely progression from metaphase to anaphase."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nEmerging evidence further broadens the functional landscape of CDC6 into specialized physiological and regulatory processes. Investigations into DNA secondary structures, such as G-quadruplex formations, are beginning to elucidate alternative transcriptional regulatory environments that may intersect with CDC6 expression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, recent studies are exploring a role for CDC6 in retinal neovascularization, thus suggesting that beyond its canonical functions in DNA replication and cell cycle control, CDC6 might also contribute to tissue-specific angiogenic responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Martin Anger, Paula Stein, Richard M Schultz "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CDC6 requirement for spindle formation during maturation of mouse oocytes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biol Reprod (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1095/biolreprod.104.035451"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.104.035451"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15385409"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15385409"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Michalis Liontos, Marilena Koutsami, Maria Sideridou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Deregulated overexpression of hCdt1 and hCdc6 promotes malignant behavior."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2837"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2837"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18006835"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18006835"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Keman Zhang, Jingfeng Sha, Marian L Harter "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Activation of Cdc6 by MyoD is associated with the expansion of quiescent myogenic satellite cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Biol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1083/jcb.200904144"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200904144"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20048262"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20048262"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shinichiro Niimi, Shiho Arakawa-Takeuchi, Baasanjav Uranbileg, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cdc6 protein obstructs apoptosome assembly and consequent cell death by forming stable complexes with activated Apaf-1 molecules."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M112.347690"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.347690"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22493447"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22493447"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mohammed El Dika, Katarzyna Laskowska-Kaszub, Magdalena Koryto, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CDC6 controls dynamics of the first embryonic M-phase entry and progression via CDK1 inhibition."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dev Biol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.023"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.023"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25264619"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25264619"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zi-Yun Yi, Tie-Gang Meng, Xue-Shan Ma, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "CDC6 regulates both G2/M transition and metaphase-to-anaphase transition during the first meiosis of mouse oocytes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Physiol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/jcp.29469"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29469"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31984513"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31984513"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniyah H Bay, Annika Busch, Fred Lisdat, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of G-quadruplex structures that possess transcriptional regulating functions in the Dele and Cdc6 CpG islands."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Mol Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12867-017-0094-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12867-017-0094-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28655335"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28655335"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Raj Kumar, Gadiparthi N Rao "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Novel Role of Prereplication Complex Component Cell Division Cycle 6 in Retinal Neovascularization."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.317182"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.317182"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35236105"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35236105"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | BB238F13.2, C10ORF121 |
| Proteins | NKX12_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 390010 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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NKX1-2 has 2,022 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 57 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for NKX1-2 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX1-2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NKX1-2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX1-2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX1-2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing NKX1-2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with NKX1-2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX1-2 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by NKX1-2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with NKX1-2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NKX1-2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NKX1-2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX1-2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NKX1-2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NKX1-2 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing NKX1-2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing NKX1-2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing NKX1-2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by NKX1-2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with NKX1-2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of NKX1-2 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for NKX1-2 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of NKX1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of NKX1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of NKX1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX1-2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with NKX1-2 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain NKX1-2 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of NKX1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of NKX1-2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NKX1-2 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of NKX1-2 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of NKX1-2 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of NKX1-2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with NKX1-2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
