NKX2-5 Gene

HGNC Family Homeoboxes
Name NK2 homeobox 5
Description This gene encodes a homeobox-containing transcription factor. This transcription factor functions in heart formation and development. Mutations in this gene cause atrial septal defect with atrioventricular conduction defect, and also tetralogy of Fallot, which are both heart malformation diseases. Mutations in this gene can also cause congenital hypothyroidism non-goitrous type 5, a non-autoimmune condition. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
Summary
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This early programming role is underscored by studies in which deletion or mutation of NKX2-5 in cardiac progenitors leads to defective cardiomyocyte specification and impaired downstream gene activation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its developmental role, NKX2-5 is critically involved in the maturation and functional maintenance of the heart. In perinatal and adult contexts, NKX2-5 regulates the expression of key genes responsible for cardiac conduction and contraction—such as the voltage-gated sodium channels and ryanodine receptors—to maintain coordinated electrical activity and proper contractile function. Studies in both genetically altered mice and human cardiomyocytes have demonstrated that loss of NKX2-5 function results in conduction defects and impaired calcium handling, emphasizing its indispensable role in linking transcriptional regulation to cardiac electrophysiology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nClinically, mutations in NKX2-5 are strongly associated with a spectrum of congenital heart defects and electrical conduction abnormalities. Numerous studies have identified both germline and somatic NKX2-5 mutations in conditions such as atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, bicuspid aortic valve, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome, often accompanied by atrioventricular block and atrial fibrillation. In some instances, NKX2-5 mutations act as genetic modifiers within more complex mutational backgrounds. Moreover, aberrant expression of NKX2-5 has been implicated in non‐cardiac pathologies, such as modifying the phenotype of RNA toxicity in myotonic dystrophy and contributing to oncogenic processes in T-cell leukemias. Collectively, these findings underscore that even subtle alterations in NKX2-5 function—in terms of its transcriptional activity, DNA binding, or synergy with other factors—can have profound consequences for cardiac morphogenesis and function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "14", "end_ref": "30"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuichi Ikeda, Yukio Hiroi, Toru Hosoda, et al. 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Synonyms CSX1, NKX2E, VSD3, CSX, CHNG5, HLHS2, NKX2.5, NKX4-1
Proteins NKX25_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 1482
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View NKX2-5's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View NKX2-5's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View NKX2-5's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

NKX2-5 has 5,727 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 112 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for NKX2-5 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles cell lines with fitness changed by NKX2-5 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Biocarta Pathways pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the Biocarta Pathways dataset.
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with NKX2-5 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NKX2-5 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX2-5 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX2-5 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing NKX2-5 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing NKX2-5 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with NKX2-5 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with NKX2-5 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
CORUM Protein Complexes protein complexs containing NKX2-5 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with NKX2-5 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with NKX2-5 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by NKX2-5 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases involving NKX2-5 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases involving NKX2-5 gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with NKX2-5 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with NKX2-5 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NKX2-5 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of NKX2-5 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of NKX2-5 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NKX2-5 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GAD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with NKX2-5 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing NKX2-5 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing NKX2-5 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 cellular components containing NKX2-5 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 cellular components containing NKX2-5 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by NKX2-5 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx eQTL 2025 SNPs regulating expression of NKX2-5 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations diseases associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPO Gene-Disease Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene by mapping known disease genes to disease phenotypes from the HPO Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions interacting hub proteins for NKX2-5 from the curated Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for NKX2-5 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of NKX2-5 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
KEA Substrates of Kinases kinases that phosphorylate NKX2-5 protein from the curated KEA Substrates of Kinases dataset.
Kinase Library Serine Threonine Kinome Atlas kinases that phosphorylate NKX2-5 protein from the Kinase Library Serine Threonine Atlas dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with NKX2-5 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain NKX2-5 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by NKX2-5 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MiRTarBase microRNA Targets microRNAs targeting NKX2-5 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of NKX2-5 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by NKX2-5 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules co-expressed genes for NKX2-5 from the MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles drug perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset.
NURSA Protein Complexes protein complexs containing NKX2-5 protein recovered by IP-MS from the NURSA Protein Complexes dataset.
OMIM Gene-Disease Associations phenotypes associated with NKX2-5 gene from the curated OMIM Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for NKX2-5 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with NKX2-5 protein in abstracts of publications describing phosphosites from the Phosphosite Textmining Biological Term Annotations dataset.
PhosphoSitePlus Substrates of Kinases kinases that phosphorylate NKX2-5 protein from the curated PhosphoSitePlus Substrates of Kinases dataset.
PID Pathways pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the PID Pathways dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2014 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of NKX2-5 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at NKX2-5 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of NKX2-5 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics cell lines associated with NKX2-5 protein from the Sanger Dependency Map Cancer Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of NKX2-5 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of NKX2-5 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of NKX2-5 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of NKX2-5 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of NKX2-5 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of NKX2-5 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of NKX2-5 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with NKX2-5 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with NKX2-5 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving NKX2-5 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.