OASL Gene

Name	2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like
Description	Enables DNA binding activity and double-stranded RNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of viral genome replication; and positive regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOASL is an interferon‐inducible protein that, although it lacks catalytic 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase activity, plays a pivotal role in antiviral defense. In the context of RNA virus infection, OASL is rapidly induced via IRF3 signaling and exerts its antiviral effect by interacting directly with RIG‑I, where its unique C‑terminal ubiquitin‑like domain mimics polyubiquitin to enhance type I interferon (IFN) production and suppress viral replication. This domain‐dependent function has been documented in its ability to restrict viruses such as picornaviruses, hepatitis C virus and respiratory syncytial virus, even as some viral proteins counteract its activity by promoting its degradation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn contrast to its stimulatory role in RNA virus sensing, OASL can also act as a negative regulator in other contexts. During DNA virus infections, for example, OASL directly binds to the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS and non‐competitively inhibits cyclic GMP–AMP (cGAMP) production, thereby dampening IFN induction. Moreover, in bacterial infections the function of OASL appears context‐dependent: in Mycobacterium leprae infection its robust induction correlates with a modulation of antimicrobial peptide expression and autophagy that creates a niche favoring bacterial survival, whereas in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, OASL supports the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that help restrict bacterial growth."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "7", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its roles in host defense against pathogens, OASL has been implicated in broader regulatory processes that span oncogenesis and autoimmunity. In tumor cells overexpressing the oncogene CUG2, the mouse ortholog OASL2 contributes to resistance against viral oncolysis via STAT1‐dependent mechanisms, pointing to a potential role in tumor immune modulation. Upregulated basal levels of OASL have also been observed in autoimmune conditions such as systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus, suggesting that aberrant IFN signaling and OASL expression may contribute to disease pathogenesis. In addition, interactions between OASL and other cellular proteins—such as the binding of peptidase inhibitor Pi16 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma—indicate that OASL may influence cell proliferation and tumor progression, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jianzhong Zhu, Yugen Zhang, Arundhati Ghosh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Antiviral activity of human OASL protein is mediated by enhancing signaling of the RIG-I RNA sensor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2014.05.007"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.05.007"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24931123"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24931123"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jesper Melchjorsen, Helle Kristiansen, Rune Christiansen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential regulation of the OASL and OAS1 genes in response to viral infections."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Interferon Cytokine Res (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1089/jir.2008.0050"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1089/jir.2008.0050"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19203244"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19203244"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Joao Marques, Jangawar Anwar, Signe Eskildsen-Larsen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The p59 oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein possesses antiviral activity that requires the C-terminal ubiquitin-like domain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Gen Virol (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1099/vir.0.2008/003558-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.2008/003558-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18931074"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18931074"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mariko Ishibashi, Takaji Wakita, Mariko Esumi "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "2',5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase-like gene highly induced by hepatitis C virus infection in human liver is inhibitory to viral replication in vitro."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.034"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.034"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20074559"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20074559"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jayeeta Dhar, Rolando A Cuevas, Ramansu Goswami, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase-Like Protein Inhibits Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication and Is Targeted by the Viral Nonstructural Protein 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Virol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/JVI.01076-15"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01076-15"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26178980"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26178980"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jesper B Andersen, Dorthe J Strandbygård, Rune Hartmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interaction between the 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein p59 OASL and the transcriptional repressor methyl CpG-binding protein 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur J Biochem (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03966.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03966.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14728690"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14728690"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arundhati Ghosh, Lulu Shao, Padmavathi Sampath, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oligoadenylate-Synthetase-Family Protein OASL Inhibits Activity of the DNA Sensor cGAS during DNA Virus Infection to Limit Interferon Production."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2018.12.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.12.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30635239"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30635239"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thiago Gomes de Toledo-Pinto, Anna Beatriz Robottom Ferreira, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "STING-Dependent 2'-5' Oligoadenylate Synthetase-Like Production Is Required for Intracellular Mycobacterium leprae Survival."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Infect Dis (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/infdis/jiw144"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiw144"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27190175"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27190175"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "G Leisching, A Ali, V Cole, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "2'-5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein inhibits intracellular M. tuberculosis replication and promotes proinflammatory cytokine secretion."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Immunol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.004"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.004"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31855809"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31855809"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "W Malilas, S S Koh, R Srisuttee, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer upregulated gene 2, a novel oncogene, confers resistance to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus through STAT1-OASL2 signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Gene Ther (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cgt.2012.96"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cgt.2012.96"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23306614"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23306614"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gabriel Magno de Freitas Almeida, Danilo Bretas de Oliveira, Lucas Moreira Botelho, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential upregulation of human 2'5'OAS genes on systemic sclerosis: Detection of increased basal levels of OASL and OAS2 genes through a qPCR based assay."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Autoimmunity (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3109/08916934.2013.866102"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3109/08916934.2013.866102"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24328427"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24328427"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhen-yi Zhao, Nan-ping Yang, Xiang-yang Huang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Interferon-inducible genes 2', 5'-ollgoadenylate synthetase-like and tetratricopeptide repeats 2 are correlated with clinical features of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20506645"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20506645"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qun Chen, Lu-Yang Jiang, Cheng Cao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peptidase inhibitor 16 promotes proliferation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells through OASL signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Carcinog (2024)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/mc.23699"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.23699"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "38353288"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38353288"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	OASLD, TRIP-14, OASL1, P59 OASL, P59OASL, TRIP14, P59-OASL
Proteins	OASL_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	8638
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

OASL has 6,584 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 115 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for OASL from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

OASL Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of OASL gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with OASL protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with OASL gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of OASL gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of OASL gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of OASL gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing OASL protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of OASL gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing OASL protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing OASL protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with OASL protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with OASL protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of OASL gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with OASL gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with OASL gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations	traits associated with OASL gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of OASL protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by OASL gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases associated with OASL gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with OASL gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with OASL gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with OASL gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with OASL gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with OASL gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at OASL gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of OASL gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of OASL gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing OASL from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with OASL gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with OASL gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of OASL gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.