{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOLIG2 is a basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor that plays a central role in early neural development by guiding the fate of neural progenitors. It is tightly regulated during embryogenesis to promote the specification of oligodendrocytes, motor neurons, and certain interneurons. In human fetal studies, its distinct spatiotemporal expression in the ventral neuroepithelium and proliferative zones of the developing central nervous system underscores its importance in proper regional patterning and lineage commitment. Aberrant levels—as seen in conditions like Down syndrome where OLIG2 overexpression shifts the balance of neural progenitor differentiation and alters ion channel function—further emphasize its critical developmental role."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn brain tumors, OLIG2 emerges as a quintessential lineage marker. It is universally expressed in diffuse gliomas and is used to help distinguish oligodendroglial tumors from astrocytic ones—with heterogeneous expression in astrocytomas complicating single‐marker classification. Functionally, OLIG2 impacts oncogenic behavior by influencing cell cycle regulators and pathways that underlie glioma stem cell maintenance, invasion and vessel co‐option. Its expression, levels and post‐translational status correlate with clinical features of malignancy, further highlighting its dual diagnostic and functional relevance in glioma biology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "22"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOLIG2’s potent ability to drive oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation is also being harnessed for therapeutic purposes. Transplantation of neural stem cells modified to express OLIG2 has been shown to promote remyelination and improve locomotor recovery in experimental models of spinal cord injury and demyelinating disorders. Moreover, advancements in stem cell re‐programming—whereby OLIG2 is used to convert progenitors or even fibroblasts into oligodendrocyte‐like cells—support its promise for the development of personalized cell therapies for a variety of myelin diseases."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "23", "end_ref": "29"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nOLIG2 is also increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and in maintaining white matter integrity. Genetic association studies have linked variants of OLIG2 with schizophrenia and obsessive–compulsive disorder, and altered OLIG2 expression correlates with changes in myelination that may underlie cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in these conditions. Such findings support the notion that OLIG2 function extends beyond developmental and oncogenic roles to impact higher-order brain connectivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "30", "end_ref": "34"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAt the molecular level, the activity of OLIG2 is modulated by post‐translational modifications such as phosphorylation and SUMOylation. These chemical modifications fine‐tune its ability to activate or repress target genes—affecting cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and invasive behavior in tumor cells—and establish feed‐forward regulatory loops that maintain its oncogenic functions. Such insights into the regulation of OLIG2 open avenues for targeted therapies aimed at disrupting these pathogenic signaling networks."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "35"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nInterestingly, OLIG2 activity is not restricted solely to the nervous system. Recent work demonstrates its involvement in hematopoiesis—specifically in driving aspects of eosinophil differentiation—thereby revealing a broader biological relevance for this transcription factor that may inform future investigations of immune cell regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "37"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Igor Jakovcevski, Nada Zecevic "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Olig transcription factors are expressed in oligodendrocyte and neuronal cells in human fetal CNS."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurosci (2005)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2324-05.2005"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2324-05.2005"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16267213"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16267213"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Keith L Ligon, Santosh Kesari, Masaaki Kitada, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Development of NG2 neural progenitor cells requires Olig gene function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0511001103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0511001103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16682644"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16682644"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ahmad Othman, David M Frim, Paul Polak, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Olig1 is expressed in human oligodendrocytes during maturation and regeneration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Glia (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/glia.21163"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.21163"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21446039"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21446039"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lia Panman, Elisabet Andersson, Zhanna Alekseenko, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcription factor-induced lineage selection of stem-cell-derived neural progenitor cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Stem Cell (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.stem.2011.04.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2011.04.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21624811"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21624811"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jie Lu, Gewei Lian, Hui Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OLIG2 over-expression impairs proliferation of human Down syndrome neural progenitors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mol Genet (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/hmg/dds052"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/dds052"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22343408"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22343408"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dimphna H Meijer, Michael F Kane, Shwetal Mehta, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Separated at birth? The functional and molecular divergence of OLIG1 and OLIG2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Rev Neurosci (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nrn3386"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3386"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23165259"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23165259"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ranjie Xu, Andrew T Brawner, Shenglan Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OLIG2 Drives Abnormal Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human iPSC-Based Organoid and Chimeric Mouse Models of Down Syndrome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Stem Cell (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.stem.2019.04.014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2019.04.014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31130512"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31130512"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Keith L Ligon, John A Alberta, Alvin T Kho, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The oligodendroglial lineage marker OLIG2 is universally expressed in diffuse gliomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/jnen/63.5.499"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/63.5.499"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15198128"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15198128"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oliver Bozinov, Sylvia Köhler, Birgit Samans, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Candidate genes for the progression of malignant gliomas identified by microarray analysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neurosurg Rev (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10143-007-0107-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-007-0107-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17917751"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17917751"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kouichi Tabu, Yusuke Ohba, Tadaki Suzuki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 inhibits the motility of a human glial tumor cell line by activating RhoA."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Res (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-07-0096"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-07-0096"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17951409"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17951409"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shruti N Mitkus, Thomas M Hyde, Radhakrishna Vakkalanka, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression of oligodendrocyte-associated genes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Schizophr Res (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.schres.2007.09.032"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2007.09.032"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17964117"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17964117"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "José Javier Otero, David Rowitch, Scott Vandenberg "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OLIG2 is differentially expressed in pediatric astrocytic and in ependymal neoplasms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Neurooncol (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11060-010-0509-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-010-0509-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21193945"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21193945"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nozomi Matsumura, Hideaki Yokoo, Ying Mao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Olig2-positive cells in glioneuronal tumors show both glial and neuronal characters: the implication of a common progenitor cell?"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuropathology (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01355.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01355.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23025580"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23025580"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nancy M Joseph, Joanna Phillips, Sonika Dahiya, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diagnostic implications of IDH1-R132H and OLIG2 expression patterns in rare and challenging glioblastoma variants."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mod Pathol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/modpathol.2012.173"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2012.173"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23041832"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23041832"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xing-Gang Mao, Shao-Jun Song, Xiao-Yan Xue, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LGR5 is a proneural factor and is regulated by OLIG2 in glioma stem-like cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Mol Neurobiol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10571-013-9951-6"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-013-9951-6"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23793848"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23793848"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anne-Laure Trépant, Christelle Bouchart, Sandrine Rorive, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of OLIG2 as the most specific glioblastoma stem cell marker starting from comparative analysis of data from similar DNA chip microarray platforms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tumour Biol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13277-014-2800-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2800-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25384509"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25384509"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shiv K Singh, Roberto Fiorelli, Robert Kupp, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Post-translational Modifications of OLIG2 Regulate Glioma Invasion through the TGF-β Pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.045"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.045"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27396340"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27396340"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ayman Alzu'bi, Susan Lindsay, Janet Kerwin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distinct cortical and sub-cortical neurogenic domains for GABAergic interneuron precursor transcription factors NKX2.1, OLIG2 and COUP-TFII in early fetal human telencephalon."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brain Struct Funct (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00429-016-1343-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1343-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27905023"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27905023"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 19, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jane L Anderson, Ranjithmenon Muraleedharan, Nicole Oatman, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The transcription factor Olig2 is important for the biology of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuro Oncol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/neuonc/now299"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/now299"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28339768"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28339768"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 20, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Amelie Griveau, Giorgio Seano, Samuel J Shelton, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Glial Signature and Wnt7 Signaling Regulate Glioma-Vascular Interactions and Tumor Microenvironment."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Cell (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29681511"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29681511"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 21, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Christelle Bouchart, Anne-Laure Trépant, Matthieu Hein, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prognostic impact of glioblastoma stem cell markers OLIG2 and CCND2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Med (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/cam4.2592"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2592"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31568682"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31568682"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 22, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huiqing Liu, Weiji Weng, Rongjun Guo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Olig2 SUMOylation protects against genotoxic damage response by antagonizing p53 gene targeting."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Differ (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41418-020-0569-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-020-0569-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32483381"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32483381"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 23, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dong H Hwang, Byung G Kim, Eun J Kim, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transplantation of human neural stem cells transduced with Olig2 transcription factor improves locomotor recovery and enhances myelination in the white matter of rat spinal cord following contusive injury."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Neurosci (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2202-10-117"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-10-117"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19772605"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19772605"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 24, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Karine S Durand, Angélique Guillaudeau, Nicolas Weinbreck, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "1p19q LOH patterns and expression of p53 and Olig2 in gliomas: relation with histological types and prognosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mod Pathol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/modpathol.2009.185"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2009.185"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20081802"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20081802"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 25, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cécile L Maire, Shakti Ramkissoon, Marika Hayashi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pten loss in Olig2 expressing neural progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes leads to interneuron dysplasia and leukodystrophy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stem Cells (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/stem.1590"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.1590"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24395742"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24395742"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 26, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Marián Švajdler, Boris Rychlý, Roman Mezencev, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SOX10 and Olig2 as negative markers for the diagnosis of ependymomas: An immunohistochemical study of 98 glial tumors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Histol Histopathol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.14670/HH-11-654"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-11-654"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26287936"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26287936"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 27, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liya Sun, Lei Xia, Mingtai Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Variants of the OLIG2 Gene are Associated with Cerebral Palsy in Chinese Han Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuromolecular Med (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s12017-018-8510-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-018-8510-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30178266"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30178266"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 28, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shyam S Raghavan, Kelly L Mooney, Andrew L Folpe, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "OLIG2 is a marker of the fusion protein-driven neurodevelopmental transcriptional signature in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Pathol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.humpath.2019.07.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2019.07.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31299267"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31299267"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 29, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Konstantina Chanoumidou, Benjamín Hernández-Rodríguez, Farina Windener, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "One-step Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts into Oligodendrocyte-like Cells by SOX10, OLIG2, and NKX6.2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Stem Cell Reports (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.03.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.03.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33770499"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33770499"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 30, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lyudmila Georgieva, Valentina Moskvina, Tim Peirce, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Convergent evidence that oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (OLIG2) and interacting genes influence susceptibility to schizophrenia."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0603029103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0603029103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16891421"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16891421"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 31, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hinako Usui, Nagahide Takahashi, Shinichi Saito, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase and oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 genes do not appear to be associated with schizophrenia in the Japanese population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Schizophr Res (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.schres.2006.07.019"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2006.07.019"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17010574"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17010574"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 32, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S Evelyn Stewart, Jill Platko, Jesen Fagerness, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A genetic family-based association study of OLIG2 in obsessive-compulsive disorder."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arch Gen Psychiatry (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.209"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.209"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17283288"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17283288"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 33, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diana P Prata, Richard A Kanaan, Gareth J Barker, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Risk variant of oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 is associated with reduced white matter integrity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Brain Mapp (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/hbm.22045"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22045"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22505278"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22505278"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 34, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xinhua Zhang, Jie Liu, Yunliang Guo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "ASSOCIATION STUDY BETWEEN OLIGODENDROCYTE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2 GENE AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER IN A CHINESE HAN POPULATION."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Depress Anxiety (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/da.22394"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22394"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26271930"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26271930"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 35, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Igor F Tsigelny, Valentina L Kouznetsova, Nathan Lian, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular mechanisms of OLIG2 transcription factor in brain cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.10628"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.10628"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27447975"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27447975"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 36, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jing Zhou, An-Chi Tien, John A Alberta, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Sequentially Priming Phosphorylation Cascade Activates the Gliomagenic Transcription Factor Olig2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28355568"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28355568"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 37, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sae Mi Hwang, Tae Gi Uhm, Seol Kyung Lee, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Olig2 is expressed late in human eosinophil development and controls Siglec-8 expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Leukoc Biol (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1189/jlb.1A0715-314RRR"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1A0715-314RRR"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27154355"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27154355"}]}]}]}